Why We Do What We Do

What do our old friend Stu Law, our writers, Ryan O'Donnell, Matt Cicoria of the Behavioral Observations Podcast, Salena Schilling, and our composer have in common? They are all guests on our 200th episode variety show celebration extravaganza. Join us for trivia, fun, and jokes! Links for Today: https://www.thedailyba.com/ https://behavioralobservations.com/ listennotes.com/podcasts/marriage-and-movies-terry-salena-schilling-8oa7wIs3txA/ We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Check out the project of our guests! You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

In 1968, an Iowa teacher named Jane Elliott created a powerful lesson demonstrating the effects of prejudice with a classroom of white children, in an effort to foster empathy that she believed was sorely needed around the world at the height of racist tension. As prejudice evolved in different forms during subsequent decades, she repurposed the lesson as an effective exercise that could be tailored to many different populations, all with the intention of encouraging understanding and unity. Links for Today: https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/introduction-2/ https://youtu.be/PnNQxTZTMtM https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/frontline/article/an-unfinished-crusade-an-interview-with-jane-elliott/ We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: The Martian (book and movie; https://www.andyweirauthor.com/books/the-martian-tr, https://www.20thcenturystudios.com/movies/the-martian/) Shane: Thriftbooks.com (https://www.thriftbooks.com/) https://repository.wcsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1074&context=ssj You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Why we punk rock? Counter-cultures and sub-cultures are a fascinating evolution in the social dynamics of a society when a population reaches a threshold that is no longer unified by a shared set of values. Small cliques and offshoots might work toward something or against something and either way stand apart from the group whence they originated. These occur because cultural norms shift and change over time. They sustain because the group supports the group... until it doesn't. At which point the group either evolves again or disintegrates. What sub-culture or counter-culture do you belong to? Or are you so rebellious that you are a lone wolf? Links for Today: https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/abs/10.1086/226971 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1541204004267780 https://repository.wcsu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=https://scholar.google.com/&httpsredir=1&article=1074&context=ssj We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Mastermind (game; https://boardgamegeek.com/boardgame/2392/mastermind) Shane: Spray Paint the Walls - The Story of Black Flag (https://www.pmpress.org/index.php?l=product_detail&p=312) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Within certain communities that contain a hierarchal structure, most notably the military, the existence of an authoritative figure has a unique effect on behavior. Some scientists suggest that the coercive effects of following orders shifts the agency of responsibility onto a superior, allowing for a slippery slope of questionable behavior to take place. Many individuals throughout history have pointed to obeying orders as a means for exonerating them of responsibility for anything from robbery to war crimes. The question of where to place blame is an ongoing debate: if one was to investigate the chain of command, would it always shift back all the way to the head honcho only? Does that absolve everyone beneath he or she of any wrongdoing? It may be tough to find a balance of explaining behavior while not condoning it, something behavior analysis has found common ground on. However, the debate still stands: under immense pressure, can a common person or a soldier be expected to make the “right” decision always? Links for Today: https://www.apa.org/research/action/order https://www.khanacademy.org/ela/cc-9th-reading-vocab/x73a76fccbaf2a246:cc-9th-social-psychology/x73a76fccbaf2a246:reading-for-understanding-informational-text/v/milgram-experiment-on-obedience https://www.historians.org/about-aha-and-membership/aha-history-and-archives/gi-roundtable-series/pamphlets/em-11-what-shall-be-done-with-the-war-criminals-(1944)/are-superior-orders-a-legitimate-defense https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wsu-sandbox/chapter/conformity-compliance-and-obedience/ https://www.verywellmind.com/what-is-obedience-2795894 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-nazi-s-defense-of-just-following-orders-plays-out-in-the-mind/ We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Caste: Origins of our Discontent by Isabel Wilkerson (https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/653196/caste-oprahs-book-club-by-isabel-wilkerson/) Shane: The Nazi Hunters by Neil Bascomb (http://www.scholastic.ca/books/view/the-nazi-hunters) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

The human tendency to use language to name things is remarkably important and foundational. While we don't delve into the incredibly deep and nerdy philosophy of naming specifically, we tackle some of the major implications and interesting effects of naming tendencies. Links for Today: Bertrand, M., & Mullainathan, S. (2004). Are Emily and Greg More Employable than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination. The American Economic Review, 94(4), 991-1013. Retrieved January 17, 2021, from http://www.jstor.org/stable/3592802 Jacquet, J. L. and Pauly, D. (2008) Trade secrets: renaming and mislabeling of seafood. Marine Policy 32: 309-318. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0308597X07000760 Karaffa, P.T., M.M. Draheim, and Parsons, E.C.M. (2012) What’s in a name? Do species’ names impact student support for conservation? Human Dimensions of Wildlife 17: 308-310. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10871209.2012.676708?journalCode=uhdw20 Rasmussen, G.S.A. (1999) Livestock predation by the painted hunting dog Lycaon pictus in a cattle ranching region of Zimbabwe: a case study. Biological Conservation 88: 133–139. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0006320798000068?via%3Dihub Sarasa M., Alasaad S., and Pérez J.M. (2012) Common names of species, the curious case of Capra pyrenaica and the concomitant steps towards the 'wild-to-domestic' transformation of a flagship species and its vernacular names. Biodiversity and Conservation 21:1–12. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10531-011-0172-3 Scott, C. (2015) Otter social science research: An evaluation of the general public’s knowledge of otter species. (Master’s thesis) George Mason University, Fairfax, VA. Retrieved from digilib.gmu.edu/ xmlui/handle/1920/10282 Wright, A., Veríssimo, D., Pilfold, K., Parsons, E. C. M., Ventre, K., Cousins, J., et al. (2015). Competitive outreach in the 21st Century: why we need conservation marketing. Ocean & Coastal Management 115: 41–48. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0964569115001829 https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2019/03/study-finds-seafood-mislabeled-illegal/#:~:text=Sea%20bass%20and%20snapper%20were,were%20marketed%20as%20wild%20caught. (National Geographic article on mislabeling fish) https://www.anesi.com/presname.htm (US Presidential Candidates with more syllables win elections more often than candidates with fewer syllables) https://www.nypl.org/blog/2013/07/02/name-changes-ellis-island#:~:text=More%20commonly%2C%20immigrants%20would%20change,for%20a%20number%20of%20reasons.&text=Someone%20might%20change%20their%20name,it%20was%20good%20for%20business (Why immigrants change their names) https://www.ssa.gov/oact/babynames/decades/century.html (Common US baby names) https://www.shrm.org/resourcesandtools/hr-topics/talent-acquisition/pages/researchers-new-study-method-catches-resume-bias.aspx (Gender bias in fictitious resumes) We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Magnet app for Mac (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13846912/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_3) Shane: Wandavision (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13846912/?ref_=nv_sr_srsg_3) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Yoga is extremely old but likely began in central Asia thousands of years ago. There are certainly health benefits, and possibly psychological benefits. There are also a lot of bonkers claims made by yogis. Listen in and learn all about yoga!. Links for Today: https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/stretching-theory/202002/can-yoga-make-you-smarter https://www.mindbodygreen.com/articles/the-11-major-types-of-yoga-explained-simply https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/silencing-your-inner-bully/201901/5-ways-yoga-can-benefit-your-mental-health https://chicagoabatherapy.com/articles/how-can-yoga-be-used-in-pediatric-aba-therapy/ https://www.yogabasics.com/learn/history-of-yoga/#:~:text=The%20beginnings%20of%20Yoga%20were%2Cby%20Brahmans%2C%20the%20Vedic%20priests https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/think-act-be/201906/how-can-yoga-make-your-life-better https://precisionchi.com/method/ https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/yoga-woo/ We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: The Host (2006) (movie; https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0468492/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1) Shane: The Outsider (book by Stephen King; https://stephenking.com/works/novel/outsider.html) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

We are not canceled! Or at least we hope not. But this is a discussion about cancel culture. Where it comes from, why we do, and what purpose does it serve? Most people take a firm stance for or against "canceling" someone. Instead, we are bringing a nuanced discussion to this newly re-relevant topic. Links for Today: https://www.vox.com/culture/2019/12/30/20879720/what-is-cancel-culture-explained-history-debate https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211695820300647 We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: 1917 (movie; https://www.imdb.com/title/tt8579674/) Shane: Soul (movie; https://www.imdb.com/title/tt2948372/?ref_=fn_al_tt_1) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Another one of those pesky human biases. Or maybe westerner biases. Fundamental attribution error is the tendency to interpret our own behavior as being due to our circumstances and others' behavior as due to internal factors. Some researchers believe this effect might be less robust than it seems. Either way, a lot of fun and jokes to be had for what there is to learn. Links for Today: https://ethicsunwrapped.utexas.edu/video/fundamental-attribution-error#:~:text=fundamental%20attribution%20error.-,Fundamental%20attribution%20error%20describes%20how%2C%20when%20judging%20others'%20actions%2C,circumstances%20in%20which%20they%20acted.&text=Another%20implication%20of%20the%20fundamental,if%20we%20are%20not%20careful. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/real-men-dont-write-blogs/201406/why-we-dont-give-each-other-break http://web.mit.edu/curhan/www/docs/Articles/15341_Readings/Social_Cognition/Ross_Intuitive_Psychologist_in_Adv_Experiment_Soc_Psych_vol10_p173.pdf https://www.simplypsychology.org/fundamental-attribution.html Jones, E. E., & Harris, V. A. (1967). The attribution of attitudes. Journal of experimental social psychology, 3(1), 1-24. Miller, J. G. (1984). Culture and the development of everyday social explanation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(5), 961–978. McPherson, M. B., & Young, S. L. (2004). What Students Think When Teachers Get Upset: Fundamental Attribution Error and Student-Generated Reasons for Teacher Anger. Communication Quarterly, 52(4), 357-369. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01463370409370206 Epstein, S., & Teraspulsky, L. (1986). Perception of cross-situational consistency. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50(6), 1152–1160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.50.6.1152 Malle, B. F. (2006). The actor-observer asymmetry in attribution: A (surprising) meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 132(6), 895–919. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.132.6.895 We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: The Way of Kings (book by Brandon Sanderson) https://www.brandonsanderson.com/the-stormlight-archive-series/#THEWAYOFKINGS Shane: Do something creative with creative people You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

A behavior analyst (ABA) and an occupational therapist shared a love of precision teaching. They decided to collaborate to use the benefits of both approaches to help their own children and the children they serve. Two heads are better than one! Links for Today: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-aba-and-ot-podcast/id1538336498 (iTunes link to their podcast) https://www.facebook.com/abaandotpodcast/ (their Facebook page) We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Check out their podcast and subscribe if you like what you hear! You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Common sense is what you don't have to think about. It's just intuitively right. Another name for our base reaction to things without thinking first is human bias, logical fallacy, and wrongheadedness. Common sense is overated. Next time you think something is common sense, you might want to stop and think again! Links for Today: . https://www.cyc.com/ https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2020/11/248194-seeking-artificial-common-sense/fulltext (Chappell, Sophie-Grace, "Plato on Knowledge in the Theaetetus", The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Winter 2019 Edition), Edward N. Zalta (ed.) https://www.gutenberg.org/files/59/59-h/59-h.htm#part1) https://cacm.acm.org/magazines/2020/11/248194-seeking-artificial-common-sense/fulltext https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-power-prime/201107/common-sense-is-neither-common-nor-sense (Descartes, René, 1596-1650. (1986). Discourse on method. New York : London :Macmillan ; Collier Macmillan) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-power-prime/201107/common-sense-is-neither-common-nor-sense (Psychology Today Blog: Common Sense is Neither Common nor Sense) https://skeptoid.com/blog/2015/05/01/joint-pain-part-3 (The link was broken so I tried to find the original source, it was somewhere on this website) We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Impossible Burger (https://impossiblefoods.com/) Shane: Dave Grohl You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

When was the last time you thought about money? Chances are pretty recently, if not right before you read this. If you weren’t thinking about money specifically, you were likely thinking about something by which money would access. It consumes us, for better or for worse. Chasing that paper seems to occupy much of our day, whatever our profession. Endless debate persists about who should earn what and for what work, but the foundations of money as a reinforcer follow simple behavioral principles. From there, we can see why money consumes the priorities of some people and not others, and under what circumstances some are more likely to be financially responsible, saving for investing their income. Humans exist in a complicated interconnected world, where money has emerged as one of the few systems that we agree on globally. Without it, we may never have gotten to where we are now. Links for Today: https://www.amazon.com/Sapiens-Humankind-Yuval-Noah-Harari/dp/0062316117/ref=sr_1_1?dchild=1&keywords=sapiens&qid=1605981071&sr=8-1 (Sapiens book by Yuval Noah Harari) Cooper, J. O., Heron, T. E., & Heward, W. L. (2019). Applied Behavior Analysis (3rd Edition). Hoboken, NJ: Pearson Education. https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/think-act-be/201907/what-your-relationship-money-reveals-about-you https://www.cnbc.com/2019/03/15/the-no-1-reason-why-americans-struggle-to-save-money-isnt-debt.html http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C2019628%2C00.html (News article on annual salary and happiness) https://abcnews.go.com/US/10-americans-struggle-cover-400-emergency-expense-federal/story?id=63253846#:~:text=Almost%2040%25%20of%20American%20adults%2Ca%20Federal%20Reserve%20survey%20finds.&text=However%2C%2017%25%20of%20adults%20in%2Cof%20their%20current%20month's%20bills. https://g.co/kgs/ULJia3 We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Have a safe new years! Terminator Dark Fate (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt6450804/) Shane: Going outside You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Conversion "therapy" is predicated on the wrongheaded idea that (a) there is something wrong with people of non-traditional binary sexual identity or orientation, and (b) it can be fixed with religious (Christian) tradition. Moreover, this does not even meet a loose definition of a "therapy." This intervention is eerily similar to the torture and practices of the witch trials. PSA that this contains some graphic descriptions of mistreatment of people and maybe uncomfortable for sensitive or young listeners. Links Today: 1. https://www.history.com/news/gay-conversion-therapy-origins-19th-century 2. https://www.hrc.org/resources/the-lies-and-dangers-of-reparative-therapy 3. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/01/24/opinion/gay-conversion-therapy-torture.html 4. https://www.ohchr.org/EN/Issues/SexualOrientationGender/Pages/ReportOnConversiontherapy.aspx 5. https://www.thetrevorproject.org/get-involved/trevor-advocacy/50-bills-50-states/about-conversion-therapy/ Recommendations - Shane: Thrash metal. All of it. Start with At the Gates. Or Power Trip. - Abraham: The Trevor Project (https://www.thetrevorproject.org/get-involved/trevor-advocacy/50-bills-50-states/about-conversion-therapy/) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Placebos emerged as a standard pharmaceutical research practice as a way of testing out the efficacy of novel treatments with various illnesses. This made it possible to determine if positive effects could be directly related to the intervention. However, a phenomenon began occurring in which those who were given no direct treatment, but believed they had, began experiencing similar symptoms. Could the body be capable of regulating its own experience with symptoms like pain and discomfort? This led to more recent research into the “placebo effect” in which the positive effects of a drug occur even when a benign alternative that doesn’t contain the active treatment is administered. This has resulted in a variety effects including pain relief, withdrawal, or immediate/delayed effects. While it may seem like smoke and mirrors, the effect has been studied extensively and leading theories relate to changes in the brain occurring in response to the placebo that affect neurotransmitter activity. While measurement of results relies on subjective patient reporting on factors such as pain relief, substantial research has indicated that such treatments have a notable impact. If a placebo could have a similar or even better effect on treating symptoms (but not the underlying medical ailment), it may have a significant economic and experimental impact on the entire medical community. Links for Today: https://health.ucdavis.edu/ctsc/area/clinicaltrials/documents/What-is-a-Placebo.pdf https://www.healthline.com/health/nocebo-effect#how-it-works (nocebo effect) http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/3035442.stm https://www.yekize.org/20-things-you-didnt-know-about-the-placebo-effect/ Beedle (2007). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3778695/ https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2017/6/1/15711814/open-label-placebo-kaptchuk (Placebos work even when you know they are placebos) https://gizmodo.com/why-do-placebos-work-1837983414 We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: The Mandolorian (https://disneyplusoriginals.disney.com/show/the-mandalorian) Shane: The Mandalorian (https://disneyplusoriginals.disney.com/show/the-mandalorian) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

People have been manipulating one another for most of human history. But the term for this kind of manipulation and abuse is fairly new. Coined in a play, people use gaslighting because they can successfully control other people. It works because it undermines pretty much every aspect of our psychology. We cover signs of gaslighting and strategies for escaping it. Links for Today: Abramson, K. (2014), TURNING UP THE LIGHTS ON GASLIGHTING. Philosophical Perspectives, 28: 1-30. doi:10.1111/phpe.12046 Linder, C., Quaye, S. J., Lange, A. C., Roberts, R. E., Lacy, M. C., & Wilson, K. O. (2019). "A student should have the privilege of just being a student": Student activism as labor. Review of Higher Education, 42, 37-62. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rhe.2019.0044 Sweet, P. L. (2019). The sociology of gaslighting. American Sociological Review, 84(5), 851-875. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003122419874843 Fordon, K. (2020). Gaslighting. Women's Studies Quarterly, 47(3), 307. Retrieved from https://search.proquest.com/docview/2315538890?accountid=166077 Matias, C. E., & Newlove, P. M. (2017). The illusion of freedom: Tyranny, whiteness, and the state of US society. Equity & Excellence in Education, 50(3), 316-330. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10665684.2017.1336951 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImBEhNku_YA&ab_channel=SciShowPsych (Crash Course video on what gaslighting is) https://www.pri.org/stories/2016-10-14/heres-where-gaslighting-got-its-name (Etymology of gaslighting) https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2017/jan/21/gaslighting-westworld-archers-jessica-jones-homeland (Gaslighting in popular culture and politics) https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/psychpedia/gaslighting#:~:text=One%20of%20the%20most%20common,their%20own%20memories%20and%20thoughts. (Hypothesis on why gaslighting happens) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/here-there-and-everywhere/201701/11-warning-signs-gaslighting#:~:text=And%20it%20works%20too%20well.&text=Gaslighting%20is%20a%20tactic%20in,better%20than%20you%20may%20think.&text=For%20example%2C%20in%20the%20movie,she%20is%20losing%20her%20mind. (Warning signs of gaslighting) https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/here-there-and-everywhere/201701/are-gaslighters-aware-what-they-do (Psychology today on whether gaslighters know that they are manipulative) https://www.nbcnews.com/better/health/what-gaslighting-how-do-you-know-if-it-s-happening-ncna890866 (What gaslighting is, how to tell, and what to do about it) https://www.thehotline.org/ (National Domestic Violence Hotline) We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations Abraham: Blind Spots by Dr. Kimberly Berens (https://www.drkimberlyberens.com/blindspots) Shane: House of X/Powers of X by Jonathan Hickman (https://www.marvel.com/comic-events/house-of-x-powers-of-x) You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.

Interpretation comes in several forms such as translating between languages, interpreting behavioral phenomena, and analyzing data. While we may believe we’re approaching any novel situation with a fresh set of eyes, our behavior in any situation is influenced by an endless history of similar circumstances. Looking at a set of data, be it COVID cases, the stock market, or a functional analysis, there are always contingencies in place that push us to see it in a particular way. Membership of a party, community, firm, etc can have a substantial influence on how we look at anything. Links for Today: https://onlinelibrary-wiley-com.ezproxy.lib.uconn.edu/doi/pdfdirect/10.1901/jaba.2004.37-539 https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/thoughts-and-feelings/201912/how-do-we-interpret-ambiguous-social-events https://www.factcheck.org/2020/10/trump-baselessly-suggests-covid-19-deaths-inflated-for-profit/ https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/mind-brain-and-value/202008/psychology-the-left-hemisphere-the-brains-interpreter https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10520609/ https://bsci21.org/how-to-talk-aba-to-the-rest-of-the-world/ https://www.marketplace.org/2019/09/30/the-stock-market-is-not-the-economy/ We are on Reddit! https://www.reddit.com/user/WhyWeDoWhatWeDo Recommendations: Abraham: Monk TV show (https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0312172/) Shane: runforsomething.com and https://314action.org/ You can reach us directly at 775.525.0908, at info@wwdwwdpodcast.com, through the comments below OR on social via @wwdwwdpodcast or #wwdwwdpodcast.