Celiac.com Disease & Gluten-Free Diet Support Since 1995 - Articles

Celiac.com 10/29/2022 - The bread machine is a great tool for everyone’s kitchen, dorm room or camper, but what happens once you plug the machine in and add the ingredients? Some people, like one of the testers for Delicious Gluten-Free Wheat-Free Breads, simply add all the ingredients to the bread pan, close the lid, hit the programmed buttons and walk away. An hour or two later they return to a great tasting, freshly baked loaf of gluten-free bread. These free-style bakers do not worry if an edge of the loaf shows flour that is not totally mixed together or if the bread crust is not totally smooth with a nice rounded top. Then there are people who love to peek, prod and perfect their bread baking techniques into an award winning loaf of bread. Perhaps you fall somewhere between these descriptions. Either way, you will enjoy these Best Bread Baking Tips. Peek You can ‘peek’ at how well your bread machine is mixing the dough by either lifting the lid, or looking through the window. Reasons to peek include: adding of liquid; adding nuts or seeds during the beep; simple curiosity or you just can’t keep your hands off the equipment. Another reason to peek is to verify the bread is rising, or to determine if it has risen enough. Try to not raise the lid during the rising cycle. If your machine has a small window, shine a flashlight into the window to avoid raising the lid. Prod You may wonder why some people ‘prod’ the dough. Think of it as another term for helping the dough to mix. The ultimate goal is to have the dough appear silky and spread to the sides of the bread pan with just a hint of a bump or dome over the paddles. In some of the recipes you may even see paddle marks in the dough. Perfect Hints for perfecting the bread: Before you remove the bread from the pan, verify it is done. Tap on the top of the loaf. It should sound hollow. The bottom should also sound hollow. This works for both bread machines and oven made bread. Sometimes paddles stick inside the loaf when removing the bread from the pan. Do not worry. Use a toothpick to loosen the bread from around the paddle. Do not use a knife as it will remove some of the non-stick coating from the paddle. If you leave the paddle inside the bread until it cools, stick a toothpick with a flag on it (purchase at your craft store) into the top of the loaf. That will remind you to remove the paddle before you start cutting. Wait at least two hours before cutting your bread to allow the bread to finish baking. This is called carry over baking. Use an electric knife or serrated bread knife for cutting the bread •Save the bread crumbs from cutting for meatballs, meatloaves or to sprinkle on salads. Lastly, double wrap and freeze the bread you will not be eating within the next couple of days. The best method I have found for thawing and warming up the bread is to pop the slices into a 150°F oven for a minute or two. You will be pleased at how fresh the bread feels and tastes. Portuguese Sweet Bread from Delicious Gluten-Free Wheat-Free Breads by LynnRae Ries. One taste of this bread and you will know why it is recognized as one of the great traditional breads. Wet Ingredients: 3⁄4 cup eggs 3⁄4 cup water, more or less as needed 1⁄2 cup sweetened condensed milk – NOT evaporated milk 1 teaspoon rice vinegar 2 Tablespoons olive oil 1⁄2 teaspoon grated lemon rind 1 teaspoon vanilla extract Dry Ingredients/Flour Mixture: 1 cup white rice flour 1⁄2 cup tapioca starch flour 1⁄2 cup potato starch 1⁄2 cup cornstarch 1⁄2 cup sweet rice flour Other Dry Ingredients: 1 teaspoon salt 1⁄4 cup dry milk powder 1 teaspoon egg replacer 1 Tablespoon xanthan gum 1⁄2 teaspoon ground nutmeg (optional) 2 1⁄2 teaspoons yeast Directions: Put ingredients into the bread pan in the order recommended by the manufacturer (usually all the wet ingredients go in first, then the dry and the yeast is sprinkled on top). Set your machine for Dough (to mix and rise) and then to Bake. Walk away or Peek and Prod. This bread will remind you of the Hawaiian Sweet Bread or Pan de la Luce.

Celiac.com 10/28/2022 - We get a lot of questions from celiac community members wondering if certain products are gluten-free. One question we see a lot is about beers. Specifically, is Sapporo gluten-free and safe for people with celiac disease? The short answer is no, Sapporo is not gluten-free, and is not recommended for people with celiac disease. The longer answer is that Sapporo contains the following ingredients: water, barley and/or barley malt, rice, yeast and hops. Because Sapporo is a traditionally brewed beer, it contains barley, and/or barley malt, so is not gluten-free, and not recommended for people with celiac disease. In fact, Sapporo appears on our List of Non-Gluten-Free Beers. If you're looking for a gluten-free beer, then try one of the many gluten-free or gluten-removed beers on the market. Along with a List of Gluten-Free and Gluten-Removed Beers that are considered safe for people with celiac disease. Sapporo According to Wikipedia, the Sapporo company produces a range of pale and dark lagers, including Sapporo Draft, aka Sapporo Premium in North America, and Yebisu. They also produce Sapporo Premium Reserve, Premium Light and Premium Dark. In the Sleeman brewery in Canada they brew Sleeman branded beers such as Sleeman Cream Ale, as well as Sapporo Premium. Yebisu Yebisu, Sapporo's "Premium" brand, produces two beers: a Dortmunder/export lager, and Yebisu Black, a dark lager. Both are 100% malt beers, and so not gluten-free.

Celiac.com 10/27/2022 - Even after our article on gluten-free liqueurs, we still get a lot of questions about gluten-free alcohol and liqueurs. Lately we've seen a number of questions about Cointreau. Specifically, is Cointreau gluten-free and safe for people with celiac disease? The short answer is yes. Here's the rundown. Cointreau is a clear, orange-flavored triple sec liqueur produced in Saint-Barthélemy-d'Anjou, France. While mainly drunk as an apéritif and digestif, it is also a featured ingredient in a number of popular cocktails. Cointreau was originally called Curaçao Blanco Triple Sec. So, is Cointreau gluten-free, and safe for people with celiac disease? Yes. According to Cointreau, the ingredients used to make the liqueur are gluten-free. Though Cointreau coffee liqueur is not specifically labeled "Gluten-Free," Cointreau, along with all of the top brands of orange liqueur we've looked at are made without gluten-ingredients, and none list wheat as an allergen. Because of this, Celiac.com considers Cointreau, along with other top brands of triple-sec liqueur, to be gluten-free and safe for people with celiac disease. Cointreau appears on celiac.com's list of gluten-free liqueurs, along with numerous other gluten-free liqueurs.

Celiac.com 10/26/2022 - The Greeks know a thing or two about good food and grilled meat. Souvlaki is Greek-style marinated meat on a stick. These delicious gluten-free Greek-style grilled chicken kebabs are easy to make, and sure to please your hungriest eaters. Ingredients: Kebabs: ¼ cup olive oil 2 cloves garlic, minced 2 tablespoons lemon juice 1 teaspoon dried oregano ½ teaspoon salt 1 ½ pounds skinless, boneless chicken breast halves - cut into bite-sized pieces 6 wooden skewers, or as needed Tzatziki Sauce: 1 (6 ounce) container plain Greek-style yogurt ½ cucumber - peeled, seeded, and grated 1 tablespoon olive oil 2 teaspoons white vinegar 1 clove garlic, minced 1 pinch salt Directions: For the kebabs: Combine olive oil, garlic, lemon juice, oregano, and salt in a large resealable bag. Add chicken, coat with the marinade, squeeze out excess air and seal the bag; marinate in the refrigerator for 2 hours. For the tzatziki sauce: Mix yogurt, cucumber, olive oil, vinegar, garlic, and salt together in a bowl. Refrigerate sauce for flavors to blend, 1 to 2 hours. Soak wooden skewers in a bowl of cold water for about 15 minutes. Heat an outdoor grill for medium-high heat and lightly oil the grate. Remove chicken from marinade and thread onto the soaked skewers. Discard unused marinade. Cook the skewers on the preheated grill, turning frequently until browned on all sides and chicken is no longer pink in the center, about 7 to 8 minutes per side. Serve with tzatziki sauce.

Celiac.com 10/24/2022 - The advisability of considering the extra-intestinal manifestations of celiac disease, even in patients without typical intestinal symptoms, is not well studied. A team of researchers recently set out to examine the literature regarding the occurrence of thrombotic events in celiac disease, and to synthesize the data from case reports and case series. The research team included Nikola Pantic, Ivana Pantic, Dorde Jevtic, Vanajakshi Mogulla, Stevan Oluic, Momcilo Durdevic, Terri Nordin, Mladen Jecmenica, Tamara Milovanovic,Tatjana Gavrancic, and Igor Dumic. The team performed a systematic review of medical literature by searching the Pub-Med/MEDLINE database through January 2022, to identify published cases and case series on this topic, in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The team included a total of 55 cases in the study. Most patients were previously healthy people, with no comorbidities. In nearly one-third of the cases, a celiac disease diagnosis was made before thrombosis began. In just over one-third of the other patients, thrombosis preceded the celiac diagnosis or was made together with the celiac diagnosis. Most thrombosis (about 1 in 3 cases) was found in hepatic veins, while thrombosis of cerebral blood vessels, deep venous thrombosis of lower extremities, and pulmonary thromboembolism were less common. Nearly 4 out of 5 cases of thrombosis were restricted to one site only. Nearly 70% of thrombosis patients were treated with anticoagulants, and placed on a gluten-free diet. This study reinforces the importance of considering extra-intestinal manifestations of celiac disease, even in patients without typical intestinal symptoms. The original article belongs to the Special Issue Celiac Disease and Non-celiac Gluten Sensitivity, Extraintestinal-Associated Conditions: Efficacy of a Gluten-Free Diet. Read more at MDPI.com The researchers are variously affiliated with the Clinic of Hematology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; the Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia; the Elmhurst Hospital Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Elmhurst, NY, USA; the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; the Mayo Clinic Alix School of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA; the Department of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, Eau Claire, WI, USA; the Department of Internal Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL, USA; the Department of Hospital Medicine, Advocate Aurora Health, Green Bay, WI, USA; the Oceana Gastroenterology Associated, Corona, CA, USA; and the Department of Hospital Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.

Celiac.com 10/22/2022 - Close to one quarter of the world’s population, in both industrialized and developing countries, suffer from iron deficiency and/or iron deficiency anemia. Although it is a widespread problem, those who are gluten sensitive should be particularly careful to monitor their iron status regularly. Iron deficiency is not only an important sign of undiagnosed celiac disease, it may also reflect some degree of intestinal damage—and most of our iron is absorbed in the same part of the intestine as calcium. The jejunum is the site of most of the damage caused by gluten, which may explain the significant overlap between gluten sensitivity and iron deficiency anemia. The two primary causes of iron deficiency are either inadequate absorption of iron or excessive blood loss, and intestinal bleeding is common among the gluten sensitive. Iron deficiency can also result from vitamin A deficiency, which can also be a feature of celiac disease. Several years after I began following a gluten-free diet, a blood test that was part of a regular physical exam revealed that I was mildly anemic. By now you may be wondering, just as I did, what the difference is between iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia. Simply put, iron deficiency anemia is where the hemoglobin content of one’s blood is below normal. This means that there are fewer blood cells that carry oxygen to be distributed throughout the body. My greatest concern with my own inclination to anemia, both before and after diagnosis, is that iron deficiency can impair memory and reduce learning acuity. Most of this impact occurs prior to the development of anemia. Iron deficiency first depletes iron stores in a wide range of tissues and organs before it causes significant losses to hemoglobin. Iron is needed to make several neurotransmitters including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinepherine. These neurotransmitters are involved in a wide range of brain activities related to alertness, attention, remembering, learning, and a variety of other brain functions. Some researchers at the University of Maryland have reported that iron deficient adolescent girls show a significant improvement in IQ test scores after only 8 weeks of taking iron supplements. There are many other symptoms of iron deficiency, including shortness of breath, light-headedness, lethargy, and pale skin. However, it is important not to just rush out and start taking iron supplements. Iron overdose can cause damage to the liver, the heart, or the pancreas. The body must maintain an exquisitely careful balance for optimal health. Further, a significant number of celiacs also suffer from hereditary hemochromatosis which is a condition in which the body is overly thrifty, storing too much iron. Supplementing iron in such a case could have some very serious consequences. Regular testing is an important strategy. Iron deficiency or anemia is more likely to be ignored or to be given less attention simply because of the frequency with which it occurs. However, it is a particularly important issue to those who are gluten sensitive, if only from a quality-of-life perspective. Even if peace of mind is the only result of getting regular check-ups that include a complete blood count, our reward is large. Similarly, early detection and reversal of iron deficiency before it causes memory disturbances and other unwanted symptoms, or before it goes on to develop into anemia, could be a huge dividend to collect from paying careful attention to our iron levels.

Celiac.com 10/20/2022 - With fall and football season upon us, the tailgate and the home viewing arena beckon. For those occasions, beer simmered bratwurst is a rite of passage. These bratwurst are simmered with onions in gluten-free beer for extra flavor, then finished up on the grill for a crispy, charred casing. Put them in gluten-free hot dog rolls and top them off with the tender onions, sauerkraut, and/or mustard. For a great side, serve them with German-style mustard potato salad. Ingredients 4 (12 ounce) cans gluten-free beer (and ale or dark beer works great) 1 large onion, thinly sliced 10 gluten-free bratwurst 2 teaspoons red pepper flakes 1 teaspoon garlic powder 1 teaspoon salt ½ teaspoon ground black pepper Combine beer and onion slices in a large pot; bring to a boil. Add the gluten-free bratwurst, pepper flakes, garlic powder, salt, and pepper. Reduce heat to medium and cook for 10 to 12 minutes. Meanwhile, heat an outdoor grill for medium-high heat and lightly oil the grate. Remove bratwurst to a plate. Reduce heat to low and let onions simmer until needed. Cook bratwurst on a heated grill, turning occasionally to get char marks, until no longer pink in the middle, 5 to 10 minutes. An instant-read thermometer inserted into the center should read at least 160 degrees F (70 degrees C). Serve bratwurst with onions, sauerkraut and stone ground mustard.

Celiac.com 10/19/2022 - We get a lot of questions from celiac community members wondering if certain brands and products are gluten-free. One question we see a lot is about Whole Foods products. We've done various articles on top brands of gluten-free products at Whole Foods, including gluten-free pie crusts, cupcakes, and desserts. Still, the questions keep coming. Lately, we've seen a lot of questions about frozen vegetables. Specifically, which frozen vegetables at Whole Foods are gluten-free? Here's the lowdown. Because all vegetables are gluten-free, and because vegetables usually remain gluten-free through processing, freezing and packaging, it's likely that most frozen vegetables are naturally gluten-free, with or without declaring that fact. As with many foods that are naturally gluten-free, it is not unusual for companies to simply not label those products gluten-free, even though they very likely contain no gluten. A quick search on the Whole Foods website shows the following frozen vegetables, though selection and availability may vary by region and store. As with all foods, read labels and avoid gluten ingredients. Naturally Gluten-Free Frozen Vegetables at Whole Foods Market (But Not Labelled Gluten-Free): 365 by Whole Foods Market Fries Mixed Root Veggies Frozen Broccoli Florets Frozen Brussels Sprouts - Petite, Frozen Butternut Squash Frozen California-style Vegetable Protein Blend Frozen Caribbean Style Vegetable Protein Blend Frozen Crinkle Cut French Fries (No Added Salt) Frozen European Greens Vegetable Blend Frozen Frozen Spinach Cut Frozen Green Peas Frozen Organic Broccoli Florets, Frozen Organic Cauliflower Florets, Frozen Organic Chopped Kale Frozen Organic Chopped Spinach Frozen Organic Chopped Spinach Frozen Organic Crinkle Cut Fries Frozen Organic Cut Green Beans Frozen Organic Frozen Three Pepper Blend Frozen Organic Hearty Blend Frozen Organic Mini Corn On The Cob, 6 ears Frozen Organic Mixed Mushrooms Frozen Organic Mixed Mushrooms Frozen Organic Riced Cauliflower Frozen Organic Shiitake Mushrooms Frozen Organic Stir-Fry Blend Frozen Organic Sweet Green Peas Frozen Organic Tater Puffs Frozen Organic Vegetables Haricots Verts (Extra-fine Green Beans) Frozen Organic Vegetables, Baby Lima Beans - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Butternut Squash Frozen Organic Vegetables, California-Style Blend (Broccoli, Cauliflower, Carrots) Frozen Organic Vegetables, Fire-Roasted Corn Frozen Organic Vegetables, French-Style Green Beans Frozen Organic Vegetables, Green Peas - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Mixed - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Mixed Mushrooms Frozen Organic Vegetables, Mixed Mushrooms Frozen Organic Vegetables, Peas & Carrots Frozen Organic Vegetables, Petite Green Peas - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Sweet White Corn - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Sweet Yellow Corn - No Salt Added Frozen Organic Vegetables, Zucchini Spirals Frozen Organic Whole Leaf Spinach, Frozen Potato Poppers Frozen Provencal Vegetable Blend Frozen Riced Cauliflower - Pilaf Style Frozen Riced Cauliflower - Stir Fry Style Frozen Riced Cauliflower Blend Frozen Roasted & Ready Baby Golden Potatoes, Frozen Roasted & Ready Baby Heirloom Potatoes, Frozen Roasted & Ready Baby Sunrise Potatoes, Frozen Romanesco Cauliflower Vegetable Blend Frozen Shelled Edamame Frozen Shredded Hash Browns (No Added Salt) Frozen Straight Cut Fries Frozen Sweet Potatoes Frozen Sweet Potato Fries With Sea Salt Frozen Vegetables, Artichoke Hearts Frozen Vegetables, Asparagus Spears Frozen Vegetables, Chopped Spinach Frozen Vegetables, Cut Green Beans Frozen Vegetables, Green Peas - No Salt Added Frozen Vegetables, Green Peas - No Salt Added Frozen Vegetables, Mixed - No Salt Added Frozen Whole Kernel Corn Frozen Sesame Citrus Riced Cauliflower

Celiac.com 10/17/2022 - Headache is one of the main clinical symptoms and complaints of people with celiac disease, and often it manifests as migraine. The roots and origins of migraine as it relates to celiac disease are complex, and still poorly understood. The term 'dysbiosis' refers to a disruption of the microbiome that triggers an imbalance in the gut microbiota, which leads to changes in their functional composition and metabolic activities, or changes to their distribution within the gut microbiome. A team of researchers recently set out to give a narrative summary of the literature on celiac disease's neurological symptoms, particularly migraines, and to assess potential connections with dysbiosis. The research team included Hodan Qasim, Mohamed Nasr, Amad Mohammad, Mosab Hor, and Ahmed M. Baradeiya. They are variously affiliated with theDepartment of Internal Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, SAU; the Ophthalmology, Palestinian Medical Council, Ramallah, PSE; the Department of Ophthalmology, Children Retina Institute, Los Angeles, USA; the department of General Internal Medicine, Mansoura general hospital in Mansoura, Egypt; and the Research center, Fresno clinical research center, Fresno, USA. In an effort to explain the connection, researchers have proposed various mechanisms involving the gut-brain axis, including: the interaction of chronic inflammation with inflammatory and vasoactive mediators; the modulation of the intestinal immune environment of the microbiota; and a malfunction of the autonomic nervous system. The research article refers to a known gut-brain pathway that can influence neurological illnesses such as migraines. Some data suggests that gut microbiota can influence the brain-gut axis, and may impact nociceptive behavior and brain function A layer of columnar intestinal epithelial cells separates the 100 trillion bacteria present on the gut surface from the host. The key pathophysiological processes connected to migraine are thought to work partly due to the gut microbiota composition, which also plays a significant role in the gut-brain axis. Potential pathways include neurotransmitters, hormones, and inflammatory chemicals originating from the microbiome. However, further research is required to fully understand the basic specific factors which influence the process. The team's review aims to give a narrative summary of the literature on celiac disease's neurological symptoms, particularly migraines, and to assess any potential associations to dysbiosis, an imbalance in the microbiome that may be related to celiac disease. Read more at Cureus.com

Celiac.com 10/15/2022 - I’m constantly amazed at how many parents call me to say their gluten-free children are unable to eat the usual gluten-free flours such as rice, beans, or soy. That’s when I suggest sorghum flour––a flour I’ve used for over six years now, but that many people still don’t know about or are afraid to try. Old Grain, New Uses I’ve known about sorghum since my childhood on a Nebraska farm where we called it milo. Back then, it was grown for livestock feed and if someone had told me that humans would eventually eat it, I would have been dumbfounded. Back then, I didn’t know that sorghum has been consumed for centuries by people all over the world. Today, growers in the U.S. produce a special grade called sweet white sorghum which is designed for human consumption and extremely tasty. In fact, the U.S. exports it to countries seeking alternatives to wheat. Lucky for us, because it gives all of us yet another choice when the usual flours are off-limits due to allergies or intolerances. Advantages of Sorghum Flour There are several reasons that sorghum flour fits nicely into our gluten-free diet, including: Sorghum flour has a neutral color—beige to light tan— which increases its versatility for all kinds of baked goods. Use it for even the most light-colored dishes or in the children’s cookie recipe below. Its flavor—which some people think is fairly close to wheat—is still decidedly neutral and unlikely to alter the flavor of delicate baked goods the way stronger-flavored flours can do. Children in particular like this neutral flavor. Nutritionally, sorghum flour has a fairly good protein content (11 grams per cup) which makes it good for gluten-free baking, especially since this protein is “watered down” when mixed with the lighter, low-protein flours such as potato starch or tapioca flour. It also has a good B-vitamin and fiber content. Sorghum flour produces baked goods with superior texture, without the grittiness common in rice flours. Sorghum Flour Cookies Delight the Kids I know you’ll like this sorghum-based recipe for children’s cookies, adapted from Savory Palate’s newest publication, Gluten-Free Friends: An Activity Book for Kids, by Nancy Patin Falini, MA, RD, LDN. Since there are no other flours in the recipe, it will work great for kids who can’t eat rice, bean, or soy flour. These cookies make a great after-school snack or can be tucked into your child’s lunch box. In fact, the rest of the family will love them, too, so you might want to make an extra batch! My favorite version is to use the dried cranberries and pecans, but I also like using chopped almonds for the nuts and dried apricots for the fruit. Get creative…use whatever you have on hand. Store them in a tightly covered container to keep them soft and chewy. Carol Fenster’s Raisin Kiss Treats Adapted from Gluten-Free Friends: An Activity Book for Kids by Nancy Patin Falini, MA, RD, LDN with permission from Carol Fenster, Ph.D.’s Savory Palate Press (1889374091) Ingredients: 2 egg whites 3⁄4 cup brown sugar 1⁄4 cup sorghum flour 1⁄4 teaspoon ground cinnamon 1⁄4 teaspoon xanthan gum 1⁄4 teaspoon salt 1 cup raisins or dried cranberries 1 cup chopped walnuts or pecans Directions: Preheat oven to 300F. Beat egg whites until stiff. Thoroughly mix brown sugar, flour, cinnamon, xanthan gum, and salt together and stir into egg whites with spatula. Stir in raisins and nuts. Drop from a tablespoon or shape into 1-inch balls and place on baking sheet that is well greased or lined with parchment paper. Bake 25-30 minutes or until bottoms of cookies are lightly browned. Cool thoroughly. Makes approximately two (2) dozen. Store in tightly closed container to keep cookies soft and chewy.

Celiac.com 10/14/2022 - We get a lot of questions asking which salad dressings and condiments are gluten-free. Lately, we've seen a number of readers wanting to know if Good Seasons dressing is gluten-free and safe for people with celiac disease? The short answer is that it depends. Some are made without wheat or gluten ingredients, some are not. Here's the lowdown. Good Seasons are famous for their dried packets of salad dressing that you add oil and vinegar or other ingredients to finish at home. Good Seasons salad dressings are made by Kraft. The company does disclose any gluten-containing ingredients and allergens on its labels. Several of the company's dressing mixes, including the company's most popular item, Good Seasons Zesty Italian Salad Dressing are made with gluten ingredients, such as dried soy sauce, and list wheat as an allergen. Good Seasons Italian Zesty Salad Dressing, and others that list wheat ingredients, are not gluten-free, and not recommended for people with celiac disease. Good Seasons Dressing & Recipe Mixes that Contain Wheat (Avoid!): Good Seasons Garlic & Herb Salad Dressing & Recipe Mix Good Seasons Italian Dry Salad Dressing And Recipe Mix Good Seasons Zesty Italian Salad Dressing & Recipe Mix However, other Good Seasons Salad Dressing & Recipe Mixes are made without wheat or gluten ingredients, and list no allergens. These may be safe for people on a gluten-free diet. As always, read labels and avoid gluten ingredients. Good Seasons Dressing & Recipe Mixes Made Without Wheat or Gluten Ingredients (and list no allergens): Good Seasons Balsamic Dry Salad Dressing And Recipe Mix Good Seasons Greek Dry Salad Dressing And Recipe Mix Good Seasons Mild Italian Salad Dressing And Recipe Mix

Celiac.com 10/13/2022 - Satay is the Thai version of marinated meat grilled on a stick. This chicken satay recipe is a tasty marriage of chicken marinated in Asian spices, then skewered and grilled to create a flavor sensation. With grilling season still in full swing in many locations, these delicious treats are sure to disappear and leave lots of happy smiles in their wake. Ingredients 2 pounds chicken thigh meat, trimmed and cut to small chunks 6-8 12-inch long metal skewers ¼ cup packed brown sugar ¼ cup gluten-free fish sauce 4 cloves garlic, crushed 2 tablespoons minced onion 2 tablespoons vegetable oil 2 tablespoons gluten-free soy sauce 2 tablespoons ground coriander 1 tablespoon grated fresh ginger root 1 tablespoon ground cumin ½ teaspoon ground turmeric ⅛ teaspoon cayenne pepper 1 2-inch piece of fresh lemon grass (white part only) Directions Whisk together brown sugar, gluten-free fish sauce, garlic, onion, oil, gluten-free soy sauce, coriander, ginger, cumin, turmeric, and cayenne pepper in a mixing bowl until smooth. Bruise lemongrass by hitting it lightly several times with the back of a large chef's knife; mince lemongrass and add to marinade. Cut chicken sirloin into strips about 2 1/2-inches long and 1/8 inch-thick. Stir chicken into marinade until chicken is completely coated, about 1 minute. Cover the bowl with plastic wrap and marinate in the refrigerator for 2 to 4 hours. Heat an outdoor grill for high heat. Lightly oil the grate. Remove chicken from marinade and shake off excess marinade. Thread 1/4 of the meat onto each metal skewer. Discard remaining marinade. Arrange skewers on the heated grill; cook until meat stops sticking to the grill, 1 to 2 minutes. Flip skewers and continue cooking until meat is well browned and shows grill marks, 2 to 2 1/2 minutes. Flip skewers once more; cook until meat is still slightly pink, about 2 minutes. Transfer skewers to a platter; let rest for 2 minutes before serving.

Celiac.com 10/11/2022 - Enzymes that can break down gluten in the stomach before it gets to the gut are a potentially important therapy tool for people with celiac disease. In people with celiac disease, the digestion of gluten creates peptides, including the strongly immunogenic proline-rich 33-mer from wheat α-gliadin, that trigger auto-immune reactions in the gut, along with associated villi damage, when untreated. Having a therapy that could reduce the abundance of the 33-mer in the small intestine could be very helpful to many people with celiac disease. Neprosin is the latest candidate. A team of researchers recently set out to test a glutamate-class prolyl-endopeptidase for celiac disease therapy. The research team included Laura del Amo-Maestro, Soraia R. Mendes, Arturo Rodríguez-Banqueri, Laura Garzon-Flores, Marina Girbal, María José Rodríguez-Lagunas, Tibisay Guevara, Àngels Franch, Francisco J. Pérez-Cano, Ulrich Eckhard & F. Xavier Gomis-Rüth. They are variously affiliated with the Proteolysis Laboratory at the Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona Science Park in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; the Section of Physiology; Department of Biochemistry and Physiology; Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain; and the Research Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA-UB), University of Barcelona in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. Neprosin from the pitcher plant is a reported prolyl endopeptidase. As part of their effort, the team produced recombinant neprosin, along with several mutants, and revealed that full-length neprosin is a zymogen, which is self-activated at gastric pH by the release of an all-β pro-domain via a pH-switch mechanism featuring a lysine plug. The team describes the catalytic domain, in which the action occurs, as an atypical 7+8-stranded β-sandwich, with an extensive active-site cleft holding an unprecedented pair of catalytic glutamates. The researchers found that neprosin quickly and effectively breaks down both gliadin and the 33-mer in vitro under gastric conditions. The action can be reversibly inactivated above pH 5. Moreover, administering gliadin and the neprosin zymogen together at the ratio 500:1 reduces the abundance of the 33-mer in the small intestine of mice by up to 90%. A 90% reduction in the 33-mer means that a substantial reduction in the ability of the protein to trigger an immune response in people with celiac disease. Neprosin therefore represents a family of eukaryotic glutamate endopeptidases that meets the parameters for an effective therapeutic glutenase. The development of effective therapeutic glutenase products remains a top priority for many researchers, with the potential to benefit huge numbers of people with celiac disease, many of whom are subject to accidental gluten ingestion on a regular basis. Read more in Nature Communications volume 13, Article number: 4446 (2022)

Celiac.com 10/10/2022 - For the 2022 Halloween, we've updated out Safe Gluten-Free Halloween Candy list from A to Z with new candy by manufacturers, both large and small, to offer our best, most up-to-date list of safe, gluten-free Halloween candy, along with a list of unsafe candy that contains gluten and should be avoided by people with celiac disease or gluten intolerance. In addition to Certified gluten-free Oreo Cookies, we've included Snyder's Of Hanover's Gluten Free Pretzel Sticks. We've added new gluten-free treats by Annie's Organic, ChocZero, Enjoy Life Foods, Free 2b, Fruidles, LaetaFood, Milkita, the women-owned lollipop company Tazzy, The Daily Crave Beyond Churros, Salted Caramel, Tootsie Pops, Unreal, YumEarth, and Zachary Confections. We’ve also expanded the manufacturer contact information for easier answers to gluten-free questions. While we do try to make both lists as complete and thorough as possible, but please do not consider the information definitive. Please only use it as a guideline. Because manufacturer formulations, recipes and practices can change, it's important to double-check labels, and/or manufacturer information. Candy that is reliably gluten-free at one point may suddenly be made with gluten ingredients. The opposite can also happen, as more manufacturers, when possible, are trying to use gluten-free ingredients. Before eating any candy on the list, please read labels, check manufacturer information, and choose according to your own sensitivity levels, or those of your loved ones. Feel free to comment below if we missed something, or have gotten anything wrong. For more information on Safe Gluten-Free Foods and Ingredients, consult our extensive List of Safe Gluten-Free Foods and Ingredients. For more information on Unsafe Gluten-Free Foods and Ingredients, consult our extensive List of Unsafe Non-Gluten-Free Foods and Ingredients. As always, Celiac.com wishes you and your loved ones a safe and happy gluten-free Halloween! Safe Gluten-Free Halloween Candy List: 3 Musketeers fun size 3 Musketeers Mint with dark chocolate A Act II Popcorn Balls Adams & Brooks Fun Pops Scooby Doo Albert's Gummy Eyeballs Albert's Iced Halloween pops (lollipops) Alien Pop, Baseball Pop, Basketball Pop, Boo Pop, Carousel Pop, ColorBlaster Pop, Football Pop, Happy Heart Pop, Hoppin' Pop, Lickin' Lips Pop, Lolliday Pop, Lollinotes, Pop—A—Bear, Soccer Pop, Alien Glow Pop, Buggin' Glow Pop, Burstin Bits, and Ghostly Glow Pop Almond Joy — All Except ALMOND JOY PIECES Candy Almond Joy fun size bars Altoids (except for Altoids Smalls Peppermint) Amanda's Own Confections Chocolate shapes and chocolate lollipops Annie's Organic Bunny Fruit snacks Annie's Organic Bunnies and Bats Annie's Organic Original Crispy Snack Bars, Gluten Free Andes mints and candies Alter Eco Dark Twist Chocolate Bar Alter Eco Dark Truffle with Mint Filling Alter Eco Organic Salted Caramel Chocolate Truffle Alter Eco Organic Sea Salt Chocolate Truffle Alter Eco Salted Burnt Caramel Chocolate Bar Amella Agave Caramels Amella Carmel Bar with Roasted Almonds Amella Chocolate Fudge Caramels Amella Gingerbread Caramels Amella Gray Sea Salt, Milk Caramel Amella Gray Sea Salt, Dark Caramel Amella Naked Honey Gray Sea Salt Caramels Amella Naked Honey Salted Chocolate Caramels Amella Naked Honey Lavender Caramels Amella Naked Honey Vanilla Caramels Amella Naked Candy Cane Amella Peppermint Caramels Amella Roasted Almond Caramels Amella Siracha Original Spicy Caramels Amella Vegan Sea Salt Caramels Amella  Walnut Fudge Caramels Angell Crisp Candy Bar Dark Angell Candy Bar Snow Angell Candy Bar Applehead, Grapehead, Cherryhead B Barrels of Candy Bazooka Big Mix (includes bubble gum, bubble gum filled candy, candy chews, and bubble gum filled lollipops) Bazooka Ring Pops Bazooka Push Pops Bazooka Baby Bottle Pops Betty Crocker Fruit by the Foot Wicked Webs Berry Wave mini feet Betty Crocker Halloween fruit flavored snacks, including Fruit Gushers, Fruit Roll–ups, and Mini Rolls Bit•O•Honey Big Blow bubblegum Black Forest Gummy Tarantulas Black Forest Gummy Fun Bugs Juicy Oozers Black Forest Organic Berry Medley Organic Fruit Snacks Black Forest Organic Caramel Hard Candy Black Forest Organic Fruit Chews Black Forest Organic Gummy Bears Black Forest Organic Gummy Cherries Black Forest Organic Gummy Cola Black Forest Organic Gummy Exotic Fruits Black Forest Organic Gummy Soda Black Forest Organic Gummy Tea Black Forest Organic Gummy Worms Black Forest Organic Halloween Mix Black Forest Organic Lollipops Black Forest Organic Mixed Fruit Hard Candy Black Forest Organic Sour Heads Little Monsters Black Forest Organic Sour Watermelon Black Forest Organic Sour Heads Brookside Dark Chocolate Acai and Blueberry Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Blood Orange and Peach Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Chardonnay Grape and Peach Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Covered Almonds Brookside Dark Chocolate Covered Blueberries Brookside Dark Chocolate Covered Cranberries Brookside Dark Chocolate Fruit & Nut Bar Blueberry with Açai Flavor and Other Natural Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Fruit & Nut Bar Cherry with Pomegranate Flavor and Other Natural Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Fruit & Nut Bar Cranberry with Blackberry Flavor and Other Natural Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Goji and Raspberry Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Mango and Mangosteen Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Merlot Grape and Black Current Flavors Brookside Dark Chocolate Pomegranate Flavor Brookside Milk Chocolate Covered Almonds Bubbly lollipop and gum Buckleberry Foods Chocolate Almond Butter Cups Buckleberry Foods Chocolate Mint Truffles Butterfinger bar, original and fun size C Cadbury Adams Swedish Fish Cadbury Adams Sour Patch Kids and Sour Patch Extreme Candy Checkers (made for Target) Caramel Apple Pops (made by Tootsie Roll) Carmit Caramel clusters Carmit Gold Coins Carmit Raisin Clusters Cary's Of Oregon Coconut Toffee Bites Cary's Of Oregon Dark Chocolate Almond Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Dark Chocolate Coconut Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Dark Chocolate Espresso Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Dark Chocolate Hazelnut Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Milk Chocolate Coconut Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Milk Chocolate Vanilla Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Milk Chocolate Almond Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Milk Chocolate Chai Toffee Cary's Of Oregon Toffee Bites Cella's Milk Chocolate Covered Cherries Cella's Dark Chocolate Covered Cherries Charleston Chew original and fun size Charms Blow Pops and Blow Pop Minis—may contain milk or soy Charms Pops Charms Squares Charms Sour Balls Charms Super Blow Pops Charms Candy Carnival Package—Blow Pops, Sugar Babies, Zip a Dee mini pops, Sugar Daddy, Pops, Sugar Mama Caramel, Tear Jerkers sour bubble gum, Blow Pop Bubble Gum—may contain milk or soy Charms Fluffy Stuff Spider Web cotton candy Cherryhead Chewy Atomic Fireballs Chewy Lemonheads and Friends Child's Play Chocxo 37% Milk Chocolate Coconut and Almond Snaps Chocxo 37% Milk Chocolate Hazelnut Butter Cups Chocxo 37% Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups Chocxo 37% Milk Chocolate Salted Peanut Snaps Chocxo 70% Dark Chocolate Hazelnut Butter Cups Chocxo 70% Dark Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups Chocxo Double Dark Hazelnut Quinoa Cup ChocZero Keto Halloween Candy ChocZero Dark Chocolate Peppermint Keto Bark ChocZero Keto Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups ChocZero Sugar Free Chocolate Peanut Butter Cup Ghosts Chupa Chups Fruit Lollipops Circus Peanuts by Spangler Cliff—Fruit Rope, all flavors "gluten-free" Coastal Bay Confections Candy Corn, Mellocreme Pumpkins, Autumn Mix Colombina Scary Eyeballs bubblegum Colombina Fizzy Pops Comix Mix Candy Sticks—Tom and Jerry, Flintstones, Scooby Doo, Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Popeye Cracker Jack caramel coated popcorn and peanuts Crispy Cat Mint Coconut Candy Bar Crispy Cat Toasted Almond Candy Bar Crispy Cat Chocolate Marshmallow Candy Bar Crows CVS Brand Candy Bracelet with Pendant D Dagoba Products—All Daggoba Chocolate products are gluten-free Disney Halloween Candy Mix—jelly beans, gummies, candy bracelets and characters from Cars, Tinkerbell and Toy Story Dots Gumdrops—including Candy Corn Dots, Ghost Dots, and Bat Dots Dove pieces—Dark Chocolate, Milk Chocolate, Peanut Butter Milk Chocolate, Caramel Milk Chocolate Dream Almond Dark Chocolate Bar Dream Creamysweet Chocolate Bar Dream Pure Dark Dark Chocolate Bar Dream Raspberry Dark Chocolate Bar Dream Rice Crunch Chocolate Bar Dubble Bubble bubblegum Dum Dum Chewy Pops Dum Dum Lollipops (including Shrek Pops) E Enjoy Life Halloween Chocolate Minis Enjoy Life Halloween Dark Chocolate Minis Enjoy Life Halloween Minis Enjoy Life Halloween Ricemilk Chocolate Minis Enjoy Life Halloween Ricemilk Crunch Bar Minis Enstrom Cappucino-Tiremisu Truffle Enstrom Cinnamon Truffle Enstrom Dark Chocolate Almond Belle Enstrom Dark Chocolate Almond Toffee Enstrom Dark Chocolate Almond Toffee Petites Enstrom Dark Chocolate Butter Toffee Enstrom Dark Chocolate Denver Mint Enstrom Dark Chocolate Espresso Belle Enstrom Dark Chocolate Espresso Toffee Enstrom Dark Chocolate Peanut Toffee Enstrom Dark Chocolate Peppermint Belle Enstrom Dark Chocolate Toffee Crumbs Enstrom Limoncello Truffle Enstrom Milk Chocolate Almond Toffee Enstrom Milk Chocolate Almond Toffee Petites Enstrom Milk Chocolate Butter Toffee Enstrom Milk Chocolate Denver Mint Enstrom Milk Chocolate Espresso Toffee Enstrom Milk Chocolate Mint Melt away Enstrom Milk Chocolate Peanut Toffee Enstrom Milk Chocolate Toffee Belle Enstrom Milk Chocolate Toffee Crumbs Enstrom Mint Melt away Truffle Enstrom Mixed Almond Toffee Petites Enstrom Peppermint Cookie Belle Enstrom Peppermint Truffle Enstrom Pumpkin Pie Spice Truffle Enstrom Sugar Free Milk Chocolate Almond Toffee F Farley's Kiddie Mix — Smarties, SweetTarts, Now and Later, Jaw Breakers, Super Bubble and Lolli—pops Ferrara Pan Caramels Ferrara Pan Lemonhead & Friends candy mix—including Applehead, Cherryhead, Grapehead, Chewy Lemonhead & Friends, Chewy Atomic Fireball, and Red Hots FLIX Spooky Lip Pops Lollipops, Angry Birds Lollipops, Gummy Boo Bands, Monsters, Inc. Character Candies, Lollipops and Marshmallow Eyeballs Florida's Natural Healthy Treats Nuggets, Sour String, Fruit Stiks Fright Fingers Popcorn Kit Frankford's Bugs Gummy Candy Frankford's Gummy Body Parts Frankford's Marshmallow Pals Free 2b Dark Chocolate Sun Cups Minis, Gluten-Free Fruidles Candy Corn Treats Fruidles Fall Mini Gummy Pumpkins Candy, Assorted Fruit Flavors Gummies Fruidles Halloween Chocolate Skulls Halloween Orange and Black Spice Gummy Drops Fruidles Halloween Sour Jelly Pumpkins Fruidles Halloween Milk Chocolate Skulls, Double Crisp, Trick-Or-Treat Party Bag Fillers, Fruidles Large Gummi Worms Candy Frooties Fun Dip Fun Dip Sour G Game Night boxes of candy game pieces (includes Operation, Sorry!, Monopoly, Life, and Clue) Gimbal's Fine Candies Jelly Beans, Sour Lovers, Cherry Lovers, Cinnamon Lovers, Licorice Scotties Goldenberg's peanut chews Go Max Go Buccaneer Candy Bar Go Max Go Cleo's Candy Bar Go Max Go Mahalo Candy Bar Go Max Go Snap! Candy Bar Go Max Go Thumbs Up Candy Bar Go Max Go Twilight Candy Bar Goobers Go Picnic Sea Salt Caramel Lollipops Go Picnic Orbites Dark Chocolate and Tangerine Grave Gummies (Yummy Gummies) Greenbriar Skull and Bones Fruit Hard Candy, Spooky Lollipop Rings, Grave Gummies Gummy Brush Paint Shop Gummy Pirate Choppers H Harrison's Original Fruit Slices Harrison's Original Fruit Smiles Heath milk chocolate English toffee bar and snack size — contains almonds Hershey's Air Delight Hershey’s - Baking Bars Hershey’s Semi Sweet Baking Bar Hershey’s Unsweetened Baking Bar Hershey’s and Reese's - Baking Chips Hershey’s Butterscotch Chips Hershey’s Cinnamon Baking Chips Mini Kisses Milk Chocolates Hershey’s Milk Chocolate Chips Hershey’s Semi-Sweet Chocolate Mini Chips Hershey’s Mint Chocolate Chips Hershey’s Premier White Chips Hershey’s Semi-Sweet Chocolate Baking Chips Hershey’s Special Dark Mildly Sweet Dark Chocolate Chips Hershey’s Sugar Free Semi-Sweet Baking Chips Reese’s Peanut Butter Baking Chips Hershey’s - Cocoa Hershey’s Cocoa Hershey’s Special Dark Cocoa Hershey’s Kisses Hershey’s Hugs Candy Hershey’s Kisses Milk Chocolate Filled with Caramel Hershey’s Kisses Milk Chocolate Filled with Cherry Cordial Crème Hershey’s Kisses Filled with Vanilla Crème Hershey’s Kisses Dark Chocolate Filled with Mint Truffle Hershey’s Kisses Pumpkin Spice Flavored Candies Hershey’s Kisses Carrot Cake Flavores Candies Hershey’s Kisses Meltaway Milk Chocolates Hershey’s Kisses Milk Chocolate Hershey’s Kisses Special Dark Mildly Sweet Chocolate Hershey’s Kisses Deluxe Chocolates Hershey’s Nuggets Hershey’s Nuggets Milk Chocolates Hershey’s Nuggets Milk Chocolate with Almonds Hershey’s Nuggets Special Dark Chocolate with Almonds Hershey’s Nuggets Extra Creamy Milk Chocolate with Toffee and Almonds Hershey’s Milk Chocolate Bar (1.55oz only) Hershey’s Milk Chocolate Bar with Almonds (1.45oz only) Hershey’s Milk Duds – All Hershey’s Spreads – All Except Hershey’s Chocolate Spread with Snacksters Graham Dippers Hershey’s and Reese's Toppings Hot Tamales Hot Tamales Spray Hubba Bubba Gum Humphrey Popcorn Balls I Ice Cream Dipper (Blue Raspberry, Strawberry) J Jelly Belly Jelly Beans—gluten–free, dairy–free Jelly Belly Candy Corn Jet-Puffed Marshmallows Halloween Shapes Jolly Rancher hard candy and Doubles Candy Jolly Rancher Hard Candy Stix, Lollipops and Fruit Chews Jujy Fruits Junior Caramels Junior Mints Just Born Jelly Beans Just Born marshmallow treats Justin's Nut Butters dark chocolate peanut butter cups Justin's Nut Butters milk chocolate peanut butter cups Justin's Nut Butters white chocolate peanut butter cups Justin's Nut Butters mini dark chocolate peanut butter cups Justin's Nut Butters mini milk chocolate peanut butter cups K KatySweet Chocolate Dipped Strawberries KatySweet Pecan Fudge KatySweet Plain Fudge KatySweet Raspberry Lemon Almond Bark KatySweet Walnut Fudge Kellogg's Spongebob Squarepants fruit flavored snacks Kenny's Green Apple Rings Kenny's Gummi Bears Kenny's Peach Rings Kenny's Sour Gummi Bears Kenny's Sour Gummi Worms Kenny's Sour Neon Gummi Worms Kenny's Watermelon Rings Kraft Caramels Kraft Jet–Puffed Boo Mallows and Ghost Mallows Kraft Swedish Fish Kraft Sour Patch Kids and Sour Patch Extreme L LaetaFood Assorted Fruit Jelly Slices Candy Laffy Taffy Plain, Stretchy & Tangy and Rope Lemonheads Lemonheads & Friends Conversation Hearts Tropical Chewy Lemonhead Chewy Lemonhead & Friends Berry Chewy Lemonhead LifeSavers LifeSavers Gummies including Big Ring Gummies, Sweet 'n' Sour, and Scary Assortment Lily's Sweets 40% Original Creamy Milk Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 40% Salted Almond Creamy Milk Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 55% Almond Dark Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 55% Coconut Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 55% Crispy Rice Dark Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 55% Dark Chocolate Bar with Cinnamon Lily's Sweets 55% Original Dark Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 70% Original Dark Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 70% Blood Orange Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 70% Candy Cane Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 70% Chipotle Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets 70% Sea Salt Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets Creamy Milk and Hazelnut Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets Milk and Gingerbread Chocolate Bar Lily's Sweets Original Double Chocolate Crunch Bar Lily's Sweets Sour Cherry Double Chocolate Crunch Bar Lollipop Paint Shop Lovely Bananas Foster Lovely Black Licorice Lovely Caramel Apple Lovely Cashmels Lovely Chocolate Peppermint Lovely Chocolate Cherry Lovely Chewy Original Caramels Lovely Chocolate Swirl Caramels Lovely Fudgee Roll Lovely Fudgee Roll Raspberry Lovely Fruit Chews Lovely Halloween Cherry Licorice Lovely Halloween Juicy Chew Lovely Hula Chew Lovely Juicy Chew Original Lovely Juicy Chew Tropical Lovely Pumpkin Spice Lovely Salted Caramel Lovely Super fruit Chews M M&M's—original, peanut, peanut butter Manischewitz Caramel Cashew Patties Manischewitz Dark Chocolate Almond Bark Manischewitz Dark Chocolate Covered Marshmallows with Nuts Manischewitz Dark Chocolate Covered Potato Chips Manischewitz Dark Chocolate Macaroons Manischewitz Dark Chocolate Seder Plate Manischewitz Fruit Slices Manischewitz Fruit Slices Gift Pack Manischewitz Hazelnut Truffles Manischewitz Magic Max, Cotton Candy (Blue/Red) Manischewitz Mini Marshmallows Manischewitz Milk Chocolate Almond Butter Cups Manischewitz Milk Chocolate Frolic Bears Manischewitz Milk Chocolate Lollycones Manischewitz Raspberry Jell Bars Manischewitz Peppermint Patties Manischewitz Tender Coconut Patties Manischewitz Toasted Coconut Marshmallows Manischewitz Ultimate Triple Chocolate Macaroons Manischewitz Viennese Crunch Manischewitz White Marshmallows Mars M&M's—except pretzel M&M's Mars Dove chocolate products (all flavors EXCEPT for milk chocolate cinnamon graham/cookies and cream, and some holiday varieties, such as milk chocolate truffles) Mars Munch Nut bar Mars Snickers, Snickers Dark bars, fun size and mini's—may contain almonds Mary Janes Mallo Cup Marvel Heroes Candy Sticks (Hulk, Spiderman, Wolverine) Mega Warheads Milk Duds Milky Way Midnight Bar (not the original Milky Way Bar) Milky Way Caramel Bar Milkita Creamy Shake Candy Jar, Gluten Free Chewy Candies Mike and Ike Mike and Ike Spray Mini Mentos Mini Sour Dudes Straws Monstaz Pops (jack–o–lantern lollipops) Monster Hunt plastic monster eggs filled with candy bones, skulls and pumpkins (made for Target) Monster Mash Jelly Beans Assorted Flavors Mounds Bars – All Mounds dark chocolate fun size bars N Nabisco Gluten-Free Oreos Necco's Sky Bar 4 in 1 chocolate bar Necco Wafers Necco Mary Janes Necco Mary Jane Peanut Butter Kisses—does contain peanuts Necco Sweethearts Conversation Hearts (available for Valentine's Day only) Necco Canada Mint & Wintergreen Lozenges Necco Haviland Thin Mints and Candy Stix Necco Clark Bars Necco Skybars Necco Haviland Peppermint & Wintergreen Patties Necco Candy Eggs Necco Talking Pumpkins (available at Halloween only) Necco Squirrel Nut Caramels and Squirrel Nut Zippers Necco Banana Split and Mint Julep Chews Necco Ultramints Nestle Milk Chocolate fun size bars Nestle Bit–O–Honey Nestle Butterfinger (NOT Butterfinger Crisp or Butterfinger Stixx) Nestle Goobers—does contain peanuts Nestle Nips (both regular and sugar–free) Nestle Oh Henry! Nestle Raisinets—made on equipment that processes peanuts Nestle Sno–Caps Nestle Toll House morsels and chunks (only if labeled gluten-free) Nestle Wonka Pixy Stix Nestle Wonka Laffy Taffy Nestle Wonka Lik–M–Aid Fun Dip Nestle Wonka Spree Nik—L—Nip wax bottles with juice Now and Later No Whey Foods - Mini Cream-Filled Chocolate Coffins O Oh Henry! Operation Gummy Candy Oreos - Gluten-Free Oreos by Nabisco P Payday Candy – All Peanut M&M's Pearson's Bun candy—maple and roasted peanuts Pearson's Mint Patties, Pearson's Nut Goodies Pearson's Salted Nut Rolls Peeps Jack–O–Lanterns, Marshmallow Pumpkins, Marshmallow Ghosts, Marshmallow Tombstones, Chocolate Mousse Cats, Milk Chocolate Covered Pumpkins, Dark Chocolate Covered Pumpkins, and Milk Chocolate Dipped Orange Chicks—"Gluten Free" Pez candy—All PEZ products are "Gluten Free" Pop Rocks Popcorn Expressions Kettle Corn Snack Bags Pixie Stix Pure Fun Halloween Pure Pops R Rain Blo Bubble Gum Eyes of Terror Raisinets Razzles candy gum Red Bird Assorted Puffs Red Bird Dark Chocolate Peppermint Mini Red Bird Cinnamon Puffs Red Bird Cinnamon Sticks Red Bird Citrus Puffs Red Bird Cream Penny Sticks Red Bird Lemon minis Red Bird Lemon Sticks Red Bird Peppermint Puffs Red Bird Peppermint Sticks Red Hots Reese's Fast Break candy bars and snack size Reese’s Nutrageous Bar Reese's Peanut Butter Cups snack size and miniatures—Except Reese's Peanut Butter Cup Unwrapped Minis and Seasonal Shaped Items Reese's Pieces Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups – All Except Reese’s Peanut Butter Cup Unwrapped Minis and Seasonal Shaped Items Reese’s Pieces Candy - All Except Reese’s Pieces Eggs Reese’s Spreads – All Except Reese’s Spreads with Snacksters Graham Dippers Reese's Select Peanut Butter Cremes Reese's Select Clusters Reese's Whipps Riviera Spooky Candy Rings Rolo Caramels in Milk Chocolate Candies – All Except Rolo Minis Rolo chocolate covered caramels—Except ROLO Minis Russell Stover Salt Water Taffy Russell Stover Candy Corn Taffy Russell Stover Caramel Apple Taffy S Scharffen Berger Products – All Except Scharffen Berger Cocoa Powder See's Candies - According to their website: "All See's Candies products are gluten-free." Sidewalk Chalk Sixlets Skeleton Pops (lollipops) Skittles includes Original, Sour, Wild Berry, Fizzl'd Fruits, and Crazy Core, including fun—size Smarties—(the small pastel–colored candies sold in rolls and made by Ce De). Also Candy Money, Candy Necklace, Easter Smarties, Giant Smarties, Giant Smarties Pops, Love Hearts, Mega Smarties, Smarties in a Pouch, Tropical Smarties, Smarties Double Lollies, Smarties Mega Lollies, Smarties Parties, Smarties Pops, and X—TREME Sour Smarties. Manufacturer states: These products contains NO: gluten, milk, egg, fish, crustacean shellfish, tree nuts, wheat, peanuts, or soy. (US only, NOT gluten-free in Canada). Skor Toffee Bars - All Snickers Bars (all flavors) Snickers Fudge bar Sno-Caps Sno-Cone Snyder's Of Hanover—Gluten Free Pretzel Sticks Soda Pop So Delicious Dairy Free Coconut Milk Candy Corn So Delicious Dairy Free Coconut Milk Peppermint Star Sour Patch Spooky Candy Rings (eyeballs, Frankenstein heads and other shapes on rings) Starburst Fruit Chews and fun—size Starburst Gummibursts and Sour Gummibursts St. Claire's Candies—All Stonyfield Organic Mixed Berry Fruit Snacks Stonyfield Organic Strawberry Fruit Snacks Sugar Babies Sugar Daddy Caramel Pops Sugar Mama Caramels Super Bubble bubble gum Surf Sweets - According to their website: "Our products are both manufactured without wheat and made in a facility that is free of wheat, making them suitable for people with celiac disease or following a gluten-free diet." (Note: we do random testing on finished product down to 5 PPM for gluten and have never had a positive test result.) Surf Sweets Gummy Worms Surf Sweets Gummy Swirls Surf Sweets Gummy Bears Surf SweetsFruity Bears Surf Sweets Jelly Beans Surf Sweets Sour Worms Surf Sweets Sour Berry Bears Swedish Fish Sweet's All American Mint Taffy Sweet's Apple Fruit Sours Sweet's Banana Taffy Sweet's Black Licorice Taffy Sweet's Blue Raspberry Taffy Sweet's Bubble Gum Taffy Sweet's Buttered Popcorn Taffy Sweet's Candy Cane Taffy Sweet's Candy Corn Sweet's Candy Corn Taffy Sweet's Caramel Apple Taffy Sweet's Caramel Taffy Sweet's Cherry Cola Taffy Sweet's Cherry Fruit Sours Sweet's Cherry Hearts Sweet's Cherry Taffy Sweet's Chocolate Bridge Mix Sweet's Chocolate Cinnamon Bears Sweet's Chocolate Hazelnut taffy Sweet's Chocolate Peanut Clusters Sweet's Chocolate Peanuts Sweet's Chocolate Raisins Sweet's Chocolate Taffy Sweet's Chocolate Wonder Mints Sweet's Cinnamon Bears Sweet's Cinnamon Bunnies Sweet's Cinnamon Hearts Sweet's Cinnamon Lips Sweet's Cinnamon Santa's Sweet's Cinnamon Squares Sweet's Cinnamon Taffy Sweet's Cookie Dough Taffy Sweet's Cotton Candy Taffy Sweet's Egg Nog Taffy Sweet's Fish Sweet's Fruit Slices Sweet's Fruit Sours Sweet's Grape Fruit Sours Sweet's Guava Taffy Sweet's Gum Drops Sweet's Holiday Trees Sweet's Honey Taffy Sweet's Hot Shots Sweet's Huckleberry Taffy Sweet's Jelly Beans Sweet's Jelly Beans Sweet's Key Lime Taffy Sweet's Key lime Taffy Sweet's Lemon Fruit Sours Sweet's Marshmallow Bears Sweet's Natural Fish Sweet's Natural Lemonade rings Sweet's Natural Nummy Bears Sweet's Natural Sour Worms Sweet's Neapolitan Taffy Sweet's Orange Dark chocolate Jewels Sweet's Orange Milk chocolate Jewels Sweet's Orange Slices Sweet's Orange Slices Sweet's Orange Sticks Sweet's Orange/Vanilla Taffy Sweet's Peach Taffy Sweet's Peanut Clusters (available in both milk and dark chocolate) Sweet's Peppermint Taffy Sweet's Pink Grapefruit Sours Sweet's Raspberry Dark Chocolate Jewels Sweet's Raspberry Milk Chocolate Jewels Sweet's Raspberry Sticks Sweet's Raspberry Taffy Sweet's Red and Green fruit Sours Sweet's Red Licorice Taffy Sweet's Root Beer Taffy Sweet's Rum Taffy Sweet's S'more's Taffy Sweet's Scandinavian Swimmers Sweet's Sour Bunnies Sweet's Sour Stars Sweet's Sour Stars Sweet's Strawberry and Banana Taffy Sweet's Strawberry and Crème Taffy Sweet's Strawberry Taffy Sweet's Sugar free Cinnamon Bear cubbies Sweet's Sweet's Candy Pebbles Sweet's Vanilla Taffy Sweet's Watermelon Taffy Sweet's Wild berry Taffy Sweet's Wonder mints Sweethearts conversation hearts Forbidden Fruits (candy packaging of The Twilight Saga, New Moon the movie) Sweet's Candy Corn Taffy T Tasty Brand Fruit Gummies- Citrus Splash Tasty Brand Fruit Gummies - Smoothie Tasty Brand Fruit Gummies - Super fruit Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Citrus Splash Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Mixed Fruit Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Scary Berry Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Smoothie Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Spooky Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Super fruit Tasty Brand Organic Fruit Snacks - Wild Berry Tazzy lollipops - Spicy Mango, Sour Watermelon, Acai Berry, Lemon, Grapefruit The Daily Crave Beyond Churros, Salted Caramel Tic Tacs Tootsie Caramel Apple Pops Tootsie Fruit Rolls Tootsie Peppermint Pops Tootsie Pops Assorted Wild Berry Flavors Tootsie Pops—original and mini Tootsie Rolls Tropical Dots Tootsie Rolls Midgies and snack bars Topps — Baby Bottle Pop, Ring Pops, Push Pops, Ring Pop Gummies, Bazooka Gum, Bazooka Gum Nuggets Trader Joe's Citrus Gum Drops Trader Joe's Mango Taffy Trader Joe's Sour Gummies Transformers Candy Mix—gummy shields, fruit chews, candy shields, gum rocks Tropical Stormz Pops TruJoy Fruit Chews TruJoy Organic Choco Chews TruSweet Jelly Beans TruSweet Gummy Bears TruSweet Fruity Hearts TruSweet Fruity Bears TruSweet Gummy Worms TruSweet Sour Worms TruSweet Sour Berry Bears TruSweet Watermelon Rings TruSweet Peach Rings TruSweet Spring Mix Jelly Beans TruSweet Spooky Spiders TruSweet Organic Fruity Bears TruSweet Organic Fruity Hearts TruSweet Organic Jelly Beans TruSweet Organic Peach Rings TruSweet Organic Watermelon Rings Twist and Glow, Twist and Glow Heart, Twist and Glow Pumpkin Two Moms in the Raw Gluten Free Almond Butter Cacao Truffles Two Moms in the Raw Almond Butter Cayenne Truffles Two Moms in the Raw Almond Butter Green Tea Vanilla Truffles U Unreal Coconut Bars Unreal Dark Chocolate Almond Butter Cups Unreal Dark Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups Unreal Dark Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups with Coconut Unreal Dark Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups with Crispy Quinoa Unreal Dark Chocolate Peanut Gems Unreal Halloween Edition Dark Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups Unreal Halloween Treats Unreal Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups Unreal Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups with Crispy Quinoa Unreal Milk Chocolate Gems V Vosges Haut Chocolate Bacon Dark Chocolate Bar Vosges Haut Chocolate Coconut & Cherry Caramel Bar Vosges Haut Chocolate Crispy Carrot Bar W Warheads Extreme Sour hard candy and Sour QBZ chewy cubes Warheads Sour Chewy Cubes Warheads Super Sour Spray, Sour Dippers, Double Drops Welch's Mixed Fruit Halloween Packs Welch's Fruit Snacks—All flavors Wild Ophelia Peanut Butter Banana Cup Wild Ophelia Peanut Butter and Cherry Cup Wild Ophelia Peanut Butter and Toasted Coconut Cup Wild Ophelia Peanut Butter and Smoked Salt Cup Wonka Bottlecaps Wonka Chocolate Laffy Taffy Wonka Giant Chewy Nerds Jelly Beans Wonka Giant Pixy Stix Wonka Gobstopper Everlasting Wonka Gobstopper Chewy Wonka Fruit Tart Chews Wonka Fun Dip and Fun Dip Sour Wonka Laffy Taffy Ropes Wonka Mix–Ups Wonka Monster Mix–Ups—SweetTarts Skulls and Bones, Spooky Nerds, Howlin' Laffy Taffy Wonka Nerds—carry a cross contamination warning on the Spooky Nerds orange and fruit punch flavors Wonka Pixy Stix Wrigley's Gum Wrigley’s Creme Savers X X–scream Mouth Morphers Fruit Gushers Y York Peppermint Patties - All Except York Pieces Candy, York Minis, and York Shapes YumEarth Candy Corn YumEarth Gummy Bears/Worms YumEarth Gummy Fruits YumEarth Hard Candy YumEarth Lollipops YumEarth Organic Fruit Snacks YumEarth Organic Fruit Flavored Giggles YumEarth Organic Fruit Flavored Snacks YumEarth Organic Halloween Gummy YumEarth Organic Fruit Flavored Vitamin C Pops YumEarth Sour Beans Z Zachary Candy Corn Zed Candy Skulls and Bones Zip-A-Dee-Mini Pops With all these selections, finding some good, gluten–free candy should be easy peasy. As always, be sure to read labels, as some ingredients can vary. **WARNING! THESE UNSAFE CANDIES CONTAIN OR MAY CONTAIN GLUTEN: AIRHEADS Packaging states that Airheads are: "Manufactured in a facility that processes wheat flour." Airheads.com FAQs state that: "Airheads do not contain gluten; however, they are processed in a facility that uses wheat flour, so the company does not guarantee that Airheads are gluten-free. Airheads Xtremes Rolls contains wheat flour ALTOIDS Contain gluten as wheat maltodextrin ANNABELLE'S Abba Zabba—contains: peanuts, soybean oil and soy lecithin, wheat/gluten Big Hunk—Package statement: "made in a facility that uses milk, egg, tree nuts, wheat and peanuts" Look—Contains: milk, peanuts, soy lecithin, eggs, wheat/gluten Rocky Road, Rocky Road Mint, Rocky Road Dark—Contain wheat/gluten Uno—Contains: milk, almonds, soy lecithin, wheat/gluten AMERICAN LICORICE CO. Sour Punch Sticks, Twists, Bits, Bites, Straws—contains wheat/gluten Red Vines—all varieties and flavors contain wheat/gluten BABY RUTH BEE INTERNATIONAL Zombee Bloody Bites (glow in the dark plastic fangs with oozing candy blood bags) Zombee Candy Corn (in a tall tube with plastic pumpkin lid) Package statement: "Made in a facility that also processes milk, wheat, peanuts, tree nuts." BRACH'S All Brach's candy should be considered NOT gluten–free! Please be careful, as I have seen Brach's candies included on gluten-free safe lists! Brach's Candy Corn, Brach's Jelly Bean Nougats, and Brach's Halloween Mellowcremes ARE all processed in a facility that processes wheat. CADBURY ADAMS Sour Patch Xploderz CHUCKLES Chuckles Ju Jubes CVS Candy Corn, Autumn Mix, Candy Pumpkins Ingredients free of: wheat/gluten, milk, tree nuts, peanuts Package statement: "This product was packaged in a facility where other products containing peanuts, tree nuts, milk, wheat, soy and egg are also packaged." DOVE CHOCOLATE Milk chocolate cinnamon graham/cookies and cream, and some holiday varieties, such as milk chocolate truffles FARLEY'S AND SATHERS Harvest Mix and Candy Corn—This product is made by Brach's. All Brach's candies are considered to contain gluten. See Brach's listings. Heide candies—Jujyfruits, Jujubes, Red Raspberry Dollars, Red Hot Dollars Wild Cherry, Heide Gummi Bears Super Bubble and Super Bubble Blast Trolli Gummi Bears, Trolli Sour Brite (Frite) Crawlers "Packaged on equipment that packages products containing traces of milk, wheat, egg, peanuts, tree nuts and/or soy protein." FERRERO Ferrero Rocher Chocolates FLIX Bag of Boogers Gummies — "Manufactured in a facility that processes gluten (wheat), milk, egg, peanuts, tree nuts and soy." FRANKFORD Frankford Fun Size Mix (Peanut Butter, Caramel and Crispy Chocolate Covered Candies) Crispy Candies SpongeBob Gummy Krabby Patties GOETZE Goetze's Caramel Creams, Cow Tales—Contain wheat flour, milk, and soy HARIBO Bears (the package now says: Dextrose - wheat or corn) Black Licorice Wheels Brixx Clark Bars Fruity Pasta Konfekt and Pontefract Cakes Red Licorice Wheels Sour S'ghetti HERSHEY Hershey Snack Sized Bars — ALL Kit Kat—contains wheat Mr. Goodbar Reese's Minis Reese's Peanut Butter Pumpkins Reese's Seasonal Rolo Minis Twizzlers—contains wheat Whoppers—contains barley malt and wheat flour Hershey's Bliss (Milk Chocolate, Milk Chocolate with Almonds, Milk Chocolate with Meltaway Center, White Chocolate with Meltaway Center, Milk Chocolate with Raspberry Meltaway Center, Dark Chocolate)—No gluten ingredients, but not on Hershey's official gluten-free list. Hershey's Special Dark Bar (note that this is confusing, since several other Special Dark products are considered gluten-free, so make sure you know what you're buying) Hershey's Cookies 'N' Creme Bar Hershey's Milk Chocolate Drops Hershey's Miniatures (any flavor, including flavors that are considered gluten-free in larger sizes) Mr. Goodbar Symphony Bar Hershey's Extra Dark Chocolate Hershey's Kisses that do not appear on the gluten-free list above Hershey's Good & Plenty Hershey's Mr. Goodbar fun size Hershey's Twizzlers, Flavored Twists IMPACT CONFECTIONS Warheads Sour Twists—contain wheat/gluten, milk Warheads Sour Jelly Beans—made in facility shared with wheat, peanuts, milk, egg and soy Warheads Sour Candy Canes—contain soy; made in facility shared with wheat, peanuts, tree nuts, milk, egg, and soy Warheads Sour Coolers—contains oat fiber KINDER SURPRISE EGGS / KINDER JOY EGGS MARS and WRIGLEY Mars Bar Mars Combos (a snack mix) M&M White Chocolate, Mint and M&M Coconut flavors—Check individual packages to be sure M&M Pretzel flavor and some M&M seasonal flavors Milky Way—contains barley malt Twix—contains wheat MELSTER (Items contain no gluten ingredients but are made on shared equipment that also processes wheat) Melster Chocolate Covered Marshmallow Melster Peanut Butter Kisses Melster Compound-Coated Marshmallow Melster Chocolate-Covered Creme Drops Melster Compound Coated Creme Drops Melster Salt Water Taffy Melster Peanut Butter Kisses Melster Circus Peanuts Melster Sanded Marshmallow Melster Coconut Toasties NESTLE Butterfinger Crisp or Butterfinger Stixx—contains wheat flour Butterfinger Giant Bar Butterfinger Hearts Butterfinger Jingles Butterfinger Medallions Butterfinger Pumpkins Butterfinger Snackerz Butterfinger Stixx Chewy Spree Crunch—contains barley malt Everlasting Gobstopper Hundred Grand Bar—contains barley malt Kit Kat Bar 100 Grand Bar—contains barley malt Sweetarts—Contain both maltodextrin and dextrin, which can be made from wheat and barley, and are not listed on Nestle’s gluten-free candy list) Wonka Bar (all flavors) Wonka Gummies Wonka Kazoozles Wonka Nerds Wonka Oompas and the Wonka Bar are NOT gluten–free. Wonka Oompas and the Wonka Bar are NOT gluten–free. NEWMAN'S OWN Organic Dark Chocolate & Milk Chocolate Peanut Butter Cups (Made on equipment that processes products containing peanuts, tree nuts, milk, wheat, soybean and egg products.) PALMER Palmer Bag of Boo's fudge bars Palmer Tricky Treats (mix of Googley Eyes, Boneheads, and Pumpkin Patch chocolate candies) Palmer Trick or Treat Mix Palmer Peppermint Patties Palmer Peanut Butter Cups RUSSELL STOVER'S—Russell Stover's products are produced on equipment that also processes peanuts, tree nuts, eggs and wheat gluten. YORK York Pieces, York Minis and York Shapes WONKA Wonka Bar Wonka Chewy Runts Wonka Chewy Spree Wonka Giant and Mini Chewy SweeTarts Wonka Nerds Wonka Oompas Wonka Runts Wonka Runts Chewy Wonka SweetTarts Wonka Sweetarts (regular) Wonka Sweetarts Chew Wonka Sweetarts Chewy Twists Wonka Sweetarts Giant Chewy Wonka Sweetarts Mini Chewy Wonka Shockers Wonka Sweetarts Gummy Bugs—contains wheat/gluten Wonka Sweetarts Rope—contains wheat/gluten Wonka Sweetarts Shockers Wonka Tart N Tinys Wonka Tart N Tinys Chew Wonka SweetTarts Boo Bag Mix Additional information and lists of gluten-free safe and unsafe Halloween candies can be found at: About.com Celiac.com Celiac.org Celiaccentral.com CeliacSupportAssociation.org Celiacfamily.com DivineCaroline.com Foodallergyfeast GFJules Glutenawayblog.com Glutenfreefacts Gluten Intolerance Group Medpedia Orientaltrading.com Surefoodliving.com Urbantastebud.com Verywellfit.com Here is a partial list of major candy manufacturers and how to contact them: Adams & Brooks American Licorice Co. BEE International Dum Dums Enjoy Life Foods Ferrara Candy Company Ferrero Rocher FLIX Gimbal's Fine Candies Goetze's Candy Company Hershey's. Here's a link to Hershey's official gluten-free list. Impact Confections Jelly Belly Just Born. Here's a link to Just Born Gluten-free FAQs Justin’s Nut Butters products are certified gluten-free by the Gluten-Free Certification Organization, which requires products to have less than 10 parts per million of gluten in them. Kraft Foods Kraft-Heinz Mars Chocolate Milkita Candy Company Necco Nestle USA NoWhey Chocolate Palmer Pearson's PEZ Pop Rocks Spangler Candy Tazzy Candy Tootsie Roll —Tootsie Roll Industries, which also makes Charms products, says that, as of fall 2018, all of the company's confections are considered gluten-free except Andes cookies. "Tootsie does not use wheat, barley, rye, oats, triticale, spelt, or any of their components, either as ingredients or as part of the manufacturing process. Corn and soy products are used during the manufacturing process," the company says. Welch's YumEarth Zachary Confections

Celiac.com 10/08/2022 - Celiac disease is now recognized as a spectrum of gluten-sensitive illness in which the gut is no longer seen as the sole target. For example, dermatitis herpetiformis is a skin manifestation of gluten sensitivity. Celiac disease is no longer considered just in individuals with classic intestinal damage but in individuals with other signs of immune activation and/or degrees of gut involvement, triggered by the ingestion of gluten. Substantial evidence demonstrates that the nervous system also can be a target organ with or without the presence of gut involvement(1). Neurological Complications in Celiac Disease Approximately ten percent of celiac disease patients develop neurological complications(2) . Based on case studies, the most common neurological disorders associated with celiac disease are cerebellar dysfunction, epilepsy and peripheral neuropathy. From 1964 to 2000, data compiled from case reports of 83 celiac patients with neurological complications revealed that 70% of them were diagnosed with either ataxia or peripheral neuropathy(3) . A retrospective data survey of 620 patients attending the Derby Coeliac Clinic found the following neurological and psychiatric complications: Depression (12%), epilepsy (4%), migraine (3%), carpal tunnel syndrome (2%), stroke (2%), anxiety (2%), self poisoning (2%), myopathy (1%), learning difficulty (1%), sciatica (1%), meningitis (1%), Parkinson’s disease (1%), tension headache (1%), multiple sclerosis (1%) and peripheral neuropathy (1%)2 . However, further study needs to clarify the relationship between celiac disease and these complications. A recent study found 13 (8%) among 160 celiac patients had neurological disorders(4) . Ten of the thirteen patients had central nervous system disorders such as epilepsy, attention/memory impairment, and cerebellar ataxia. The remaining patients had peripheral nervous system disorders. In eleven out of thirteen cases, the celiac disease diagnosis came after the onset of the neurological disorder. Seven celiac patients were diagnosed and treated within six months of the neurological onset. All seven had either substantial or complete resolution of their neurological symptoms. In contrast, four out of five patients who were diagnosed with celiac disease from 10 to 264 months after the appearance of their neurological disorder showed no improvement in their neurological symptoms on the gluten-free diet. This study demonstrated that the crucial timing of treatment with a gluten-free diet in celiac patients who have neurological disorders might affect whether the neurological symptoms are reversible. While the incidence of neurological complications in celiac disease is estimated to be ten percent, the incidence of celiac disease in neurological patients is still unknown. Celiac disease can escape detection in blood antibody screenings(5). Not all gluten-sensitive individuals demonstrate classic biopsy evidence of celiac disease, but exhibit milder intestinal features. Also, not all celiac patients present with gastrointestinal symptoms. Therefore, neurological patients with gluten-sensitivity may be missed if they are evaluated for neurological symptoms alone. To identify gluten-sensitivity in neurological patients, antigliadin antibodies were determined in two groups of neurological patients. In a group with idiopathic neurological illness versus another group with identifiable neurological illness, a marked difference of 57% versus 5%, respectively, were antigliadin antibody positive(2) . Twenty-six (86%) of those in the idiopathic group consented to small bowel biopsy and nine (34%) of them had intestinal features characteristic of celiac disease. However, 12% of the healthy blood donors were also antigliadin antibody positive and no explanation was given. Therefore, it was unclear whether the rate of gluten-sensitive neurological illness could be overstated by 12 percent or that 12 percent of the normal population could have gluten-sensitivity. Gluten Ataxia Gluten ataxia is the most common form of neurological dysfunction to be attributed to gluten sensitivity1 . Up to 41% of sporadic idiopathic ataxia is caused by gluten ataxia, as evidenced by the presence of antigliadin antibodies. Patients with gluten ataxia have difficulty controlling their upper and/or lower limb movements. Hadjivassiliou et al found 79% (54 of 68) of gluten ataxia patients had damage to the part of the brain called the cerebellum which is involved in coordination and steadiness. Not all gluten-sensitive, neurological patients will also have classic intestinal biopsy evidence of celiac disease. Of 51 gluten ataxia patients who underwent duodenal biopsy, 24% of them had biopsy proof of celiac disease and only 13% had gastrointestinal symptoms1 . Yet, treatment with a gluten-free diet can be helpful, irrespective of gut involvement. For example, 26 patients with gluten ataxia were offered a gluten-free diet and were confirmed to be adhering to the gluten-free diet by evidence of negative serology within six months to one year of treatment(6). When compared to the control group of patients with gluten ataxia who did not receive treatment of a gluten-free diet, all 26 patients in the treatment group improved significantly in their ataxia based on a battery of tests. The response observed in the treatment group was irrespective of gut involvement or the duration of the ataxia (mean duration of nine years). These results contrasted with the expectation that the ataxia would remain despite evidence of the loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells which are the target cells in gluten ataxia(3, 6). Malabsorption or Autoimmunity? Two potential mechanisms to explain the neurological dysfunctions of celiac disease are nutrient deficiencies due to malabsorption, and autoimmune disease. Currently, it is unknown which of these, or both, is the underlying cause of neurological disorder in celiac disease. A reference to these potential mechanisms came in 1966 when Cooke and Smith reported a landmark study of 16 adult celiac patients with neurological complications3 . For most of them, symptoms of classic celiac disease pre-existed their neurological symptoms. All 16 were found with extreme weight loss and vitamin deficiencies along with anemia due to severe malabsorption. Subsequently, over half of them died, despite gluten restriction, due to the progression of their neurological complications involving sensory ataxia and/or other features. Post-mortem findings in four patients revealed cerebellar Purkinje cell loss and T-cells (type of white blood cell) infiltrating parts of the brain, brainstem, and spinal cord(7). Deficiencies of folic acid, vitamin B-12, and vitamin E have been implicated as a potential cause of neurological complications(4). However, vitamin deficiencies alone do not explain the absence of neurological deficits in some patients(2). In addition, vitamin deficiencies are rarely found or can be attributed to neurological dysfunction in association with gluten ataxia patients of which the majority don’t have histological evidence of celiac disease(3). Furthermore, in a current study of 13 neurological celiac patients, only 2 had been diagnosed with malabsorption(4). In support of the hypothesis of an autoimmune mechanism of celiac disease neurological complications, Hadjivassiliou et al found that gluten ataxia patients with inflammation located in the white matter of the cerebellum part of the brain was marked by the loss of Purkinje cells. The inflammation in celiac disease, which is thought to be mediated by T-cells, is not confined to the small bowel as gliadin-specific T cells and antigliadin antibodies are found in the blood(8). Antigliadin antibodies also have been found in the cerebrospinal fluid(3) . In gluten ataxia patients, antigliadin antibodies were found to bind to Purkinje cells in the cerebellum that might result in damage to this part of the brain(9). This finding suggests that common binding sites are shared between cerebellar Purkinje cells and gliadin proteins. Patients with gluten ataxia also have anti-Purkinje cell antibodies. How antigliadin antibodies gain access to the cerebellum might be due to possible alterations of the blood-brain barrier. In further support of an autoimmune basis of celiac disease neurological complications, 8 of 13 celiac patients with neurological dysfunction had anti-neuronal antibodies to the central nervous system(4). This was significantly higher when compared with only 1 in 20 celiac patients who had anti-neuronal antibodies but no neurological involvement. Furthermore, 30 non-celiac control patients, who had other autoimmune gastrointestinal diseases or had donated blood, had no detectable anti-neuronal antibodies. After one year of treatment on a gluten-free diet, anti-neuronal antibodies disappeared in 6 of the 8 celiac patients with neurological dysfunction. In 5 of these 6 patients, the neurological symptoms partially or completely resolved. However, anti-neuronal antibodies are not specific for neurological disorders associated with celiac disease since they are also found in other patients with nervous system disorders. Identification of neurological patients with gluten-sensitivity with or without histological evidence of celiac disease is necessary in order to provide them the opportunity for treatment with a gluten-free diet. Identification should be further aided when the exact mechanisms of neurological complications in gluten-sensitive patients are understood. Finally, immediate treatment with a gluten-free diet early in the progression of the disease may be crucial in the prognosis of whether the neurological disorder is reversible. Glossary of Terms: ataxia: impaired muscle coordination Central Nervous System (CNS): the portion of the nervous system involving the brain and spinal cord cerebellum: portion of the brain involved in equilibrium and coordination; cerebellar (adj.) dementia: impaired intellectual function epilepsy: neurologic disease resulting in convulsions or loss of consciousness idiopathic: the disease has an unknown cause neurological: having to do with the nervous system neuron: nerve cell neuropathy: any disease of the nervous system paroxysm: convulsion Peripheral Nervous System (PNS): the portion of the nervous system outside of the brain and spinal cord; peripheral (adj.) Purkinje cell: a type of neuron that is highly branched, mostly found in the cerebellum References: Hadjivassiliou M et al 2003. Gluten ataxia in perspective: epidemiology, genetic susceptibility and clinical characteristics. Brain 126: 685-91. Tengah D et al 2002. Neurological complications of coeliac disease. Postgrad Med J 78: 393-98. Hadjivassiliou, et al. 2002. Gluten sensitivity as a neurological illness. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 72: 560-3 Volta U, et al. 2002. Clinical findings and anti-neuronal antibodies in coeliac disease with neurological disorders. Scand J Gastroenterol 37: 1276-81. Tursi A et al 2001. Low prevalence of antigliadin and anti-endomysium antibodies in subclinical/silent celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol 96: 1507-1510. Hadjivassiliou M, et al. 2003. Dietary treatment of gluten ataxia. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 74: 1221-24. Will AJ. 2000. The neurology and neuropathy of coeliac disease. Neuropathy and Applied Neurobio 226: 493-96. Cross A, and Golumbek, P. 2003. Neurologic manifestations of celiac disease. Neurology 60: 1566-1568. Hadjivassiliou M, et al. 2002. The humoral response in the pathogenesis of gluten ataxia. Neurology 58: 1221-26.