Summary: <br> <br> “The young physician starts life with 20 drugs for each disease, and the old physician ends life with one drug for 20 diseases.” -Osler <br> <br> Welcome back to another episode of Roshcast. This week are are adding a new level of spaced repetition by doing a brief review of previous week’s key take away points before diving into the new material. <br> <br> <br> * The most common causes of small bowel obstructions are (1) adhesions and then (2) cancer. In comparison, large bowel obstructions are caused most frequently by (1) cancer and then (2) volvulus.<br> * Nursemaid’s elbow is treated by either supination followed by elbow flexion or hyperpronation.<br> * Nitrates reduce both preload and afterload by dilating vascular smooth muscle.<br> * Lithium toxicity can cause bradycardia, t wave flattening and QTc prolongation.<br> * The most common finding in aortic dissection is hypertension.<br> <br> Let us know how you feel about this feature by sending feedback to <a href="mailto:feedback@roshreview.com">feedback@roshreview.com.</a><br> And please leave us <a href="#commentBox">comments</a>. We want to hear from you. <br> Let’s get going with the new material from Episode 5.<br> <br> <br> Question 1<br> Which of the following requires chemoprophylaxis for meningitis exposure?<br> A. Breastfeeding mother of an infant with E. coli meningitis<br> B. Classmates of a 7-year-old with S. pneumoniae meningitis<br> C. Respiratory therapist for a 10-year-old with H. influenzae meningitis<br> D. Roommate of a 19-year-old with N. meningitides<br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Table-Chemoprophylaxis-for-Neisseria-meningitidis.png" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image</a><br> <br> Question 2<br> What is the most likely cause of a patient presenting with bilateral facial nerve palsy?<br> A. Borrelia burgdorferi<br> B. Herpes simplex virus<br> C. Leukemia<br> D. Mycoplasma pneumonia<br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Image-Clinical-Manifestations-of-Lyme-Disease.jpg" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image 1</a><br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Image-Peripheral-vs-central-nerve-lesion-bells-palsy.png" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image 2</a><br> <br> Question 3<br> Which of the following is the most common cause of maternal mortality during delivery?<br> A. Hemorrhage<br> B. Infection<br> C. Preeclampsia<br> D. Pulmonary embolism<br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Image-Postpartum-hemorrhage-Uterine-atony.png" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image</a><br> <br> Question 4<br> A 4-year old boy presents with a facial laceration. He has been ill with an upper respiratory infection. Procedural sedation with ketamine is planned for his wound repair. Which of the following is a potential serious adverse reaction?<br> A. Elevated intracranial pressure<br> B. Laryngospasm<br> C. Myoclonus<br> D. Seizure<br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Image-Ketamine.png" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image</a><br> <br> Question 5<br> Which of these statistical terms describes the risk of committing a Type I error?<br> A. Alpha<br> B. Beta<br> C. p value<br> D. Power<br> <br> Question 6<br> A 22-year-old man presents after encountering a Portuguese man-of-war in the ocean. He reports significant stinging to his leg with some paresthesias. Which of the following has been shown to be most effective to neutralize additional nematocysts?<br> A. Cold fresh water<br> B. Hydrogen peroxide<br> C. Salt water<br> D. Vinegar<br> <a href="https://www.roshreview.com/wp-content/uploads/Image-Portuguese-man-of-war-jelly-fish.jpg" rel="lightbox[990]">Teaching image</a><br> <br> Question 7<br> A 33-year-old woman, with chronic persistent asthma, presents with palpitations. Her vital signs are HR 210,
