Summary: <p>Models and Theories of Mental Health and Addictive Disorders<br> Instructor: Dr. Dawn-Elise Snipes PhD, LPC-MHSP, LMHC<br> Executive Director: AllCEUs Counseling CEUs and Specialty Certificates<br> Podcast Host: Counselor Toolbox, Happiness Isn’t Brain Surgery</p> <p>Earn <a href="https://www.allceus.com/member/cart/index/product/id/747/c/">counseling CEUs for this course</a></p> <p>Objectives<br> ~ Explore why the mental health counselor needs to understand addictive behaviors<br> ~ Learn the scientific and theoretical basis of models of addiction and mental distress from multiple disciplines<br> ~ Develop criteria for assessing models and theories<br> ~ Explore the appropriate application of models<br> ~ Learn how to access addiction and mental health related literature from multiple disciplines</p> <p>Why is this important to the Counselor<br> ~ Prevalence (proportion of cases in the population) and incidence (number of new cases) of addiction is increasing<br> ~ New understanding/awareness of behavioral addictions<br> ~ Improved knowledge of clinicians across disciplines to diagnose<br> ~ Enables the clinician to provide more ethical and comprehensive treatment to the client by understanding<br> ~ The influence of drugs and certain behaviors on brain chemistry which could<br> ~ Lead to the development of additional MH, Legal, health, social, economic or addiction problems<br> ~ Negatively impact MH treatment progress<br> ~ Less than % of people who try to stop an addiction succeed for more than days<br> ~ Patients often interpret a systemic failure (what we don’t know or understand) as a personal failure leading to low self esteem, depression, guilt, shame<br> Criteria for Assessing Models and Theories<br> ~ Does it explain the development of the condition in some people and not others (Predictive validity and reliability)~<br> ~ Can this explanation be applied across people and situations (Generalizability)~<br> ~ Can it be used to develop effective prevention and intervention strategies~<br> ~ Does it explain the use of seemingly destructive behaviors~<br> ~ Are there other unaccounted for factors which may influence development or recovery~</p> <p>What are the Theories of Addiction<br> ~ Biological/Disease Model<br> ~ Moral/Spiritual Model<br> ~ Behavioral Model<br> ~ Environmental/Social Learning Model<br> ~ Sociocultural Model<br> ~ Enviro-Bio-Psychosocial Model<br> ~ And many, many more….<br> Case Studies<br> ~ John year old male reports no problems with addictive behaviors until years ago. Has had recurrent bouts of depression since he was .<br> ~ Susan year old female began experimenting with drugs in high school. Currently does not meet criteria for any addictive or mood-related disorder.<br> ~ Ralph is a year old male. Prior to this episode, reports no history of mental health or addiction issues. Recently had rotator cuff surgery and was on pain killers for days. Meets criteria for opiate dependence and generalized anxiety disorder.<br> ~ Sally has a long history of major depressive disorder. She reports that after a recent surgery she was given Vicodin which she found made her feel much happier and more relaxed.<br> ~ Julian is a year old male. Reports beginning recreational use of substances at . Currently meets criteria for generalized anxiety, marijuana dependence<br> Biological/Disease Theories<br> ~ Include<br> ~ Genetic predisposition<br> ~ Brain dysfunction<br> ~ Theory<br> ~ Addiction and mental health issues are primarily a brain disorder<br> ~ In mental health, neurochemical imbalances cause the mental disorder<br> ~ In addiction, the brain is disordered causing “cravings” for behaviors or substances to balance or rebalance the system<br> ~ Example: Craving for dopamine and norepinepherine releasing activities supports survival by motivating certain behaviors</p> <p>Biological/Disease Theory<br> ~ Addiction</p>
