Summary: - How Hans became interested in nuclear energy - An overview of the of pebble bed technology physics and materials - How high temperature can be safer than low temperature - The need to build expertise, infrastructure, modeling and new regulations just to lay the foundation for commercializing new technologies - Why even a 50MW pilot project is a large endeavor - The role INL plays as an independent auditor and fuel qualifier - We wrap up with where Hans sees the future of Nuclear technology