November 29. Verkhoyansk fold belt




History of the Earth show

Summary: A handful of people have asked about donations to be sponsors for the podcast. That’s really not on the list; the budget for the whole production is about $39- $35 for the digital voice recorder, plus $4 for replacement AAA batteries. I was trying to make it through the whole year on the first set of batteries, but the originals died the other day. Otherwise, there’s no cost other than my time. I hate commercial announcements enough, even on public broadcasting, that I’m not interested in accepting sponsors for this podcast. I’m not rich, but I can afford to do this, and it’s really a labor of love. Thanks for your support. Likewise, I’m not in it for the clicks. I’m glad to see my statistics showing 4,000 pageviews per month on the blog, and as near as I can tell, about 1,000 downloads a day of the podcast, but I’d keep doing it if those numbers were 100 people I don’t know. I don’t do much to promote the podcast other than getting it listed on iTunes and other providers, so it is what it is. Clearly a lot of people find it through search engines. Again, thanks for your support and interest. To repeat my disclaimer, I’m not an expert in everything – I like to think of myself as a geological generalist, although of course I do have specialties, strengths, ranging from kidney stone mineralogy to gravity and magnetics in oil exploration. Please take these podcasts or the blog as summaries of the topics. I try to be even handed and unbiased, but I don’t guarantee that. If something I talk about strikes your fancy, by all means, investigate more! There’s a vast amount of information out there on everything I talk about. Or feel free to ask me questions. I’m happy to say “I don’t know,” but like most geologists, that won’t stop me from expounding on something – but I’ll try to make it clear that I may be approaching the topic from a point of general knowledge but specific ignorance.  * * * So on to today’s Cretaceous topic – the Verkhoyansk Fold-Thrust Belt. We talked a lot about the collision on the west coast of North America that formed much of the basis for the modern geography of the Rocky Mountains, including such details as oil fields. Similar things were happening in other parts of the world during the Cretaceous too. The tectonic framework of far eastern Asia is really a mess. There were microcontinents, island arcs, entrapped oceanic crust, and more, all becoming amalgamated to what we think of today as the far eastern part of Eurasia. One aspect of it that is moderately well documented is the collision between a small, almost circular microcontinent called the Kolyma Block and the eastern side of the Siberian Craton. Tectonic Map of far eastern Siberia (Khain, 1973) The Siberian Craton is one of the really old, fundamental continental blocks, like the Superior Craton in North America or the Baltica Craton in Europe. By the Cretaceous, it was firmly attached to Europe and the Kazakhstan Craton, so the concept of Eurasia was a reasonable one at that time. The details were still in progress, especially on the eastern and southern margins of the young Eurasia. What I’m saying about this collision and fold belt is based in part on my own work on the magnetic map of the former Soviet Union. The Kolyma Block, that I’m calling a microcontinent, has a magnetic character that’s a lot like Kansas or Texas – magnetic character that says it’s probably Precambrian crust, but the Kolyma Block was a relatively small, independent block, not part of a major continental terrane until the Cretaceous. This eastern margin of Siberia was for millions of years a passive margin – like the Atlantic coast of North America today, with lots of various sedimentary units accumulating. The rocks are as old as Cambrian, but most of the sedimentary pile is Carboniferous to Jurassic in age. Beginning in late Jurassic time and continuing into the Cretaceous, the Kolyma block began to collide with Siberia, pushing the older passive-margin rocks agains