Summary: In This Episode: Thinking about thinking that might occur in machines — for the betterment of humanity.<br> <br> <a class="twitter-share-button" href="https://twitter.com/share?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">Tweet</a><br> <a href="#transcript">Jump to Transcript</a><br> <a href="https://thisistrue.com/category/podcasts/">How to Subscribe and List of All Episodes</a><br> Show Notes<br> <br> * Notice that the sources which follow are both recent, and in multiple countries.<br> * Shortages in the Healthcare Profession: “New Research Shows Increasing Physician Shortages in Both Primary and Specialty Care” (<a href="https://news.aamc.org/press-releases/article/workforce_report_shortage_04112018/">Association of American Medical Colleges</a>, April 2018) and “Global Health Workforce Shortage to Reach 12.9 Million in Coming Decades” (<a href="https://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/releases/2013/health-workforce-shortage/en/">WHO</a>, November 2013)<br> * Oregon Tetanus Case: “Notes from the Field: Tetanus in an Unvaccinated Child — Oregon, 2017” (<a href="%22https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/68/wr/mm6809a3.htm?s_cid=mm6809a3_e%E2%80%9D">Centers for Disease Control, March 2019)</a><br> * AI in Lung Disease: “AI Improves Doctors’ Ability to Correctly Interpret Tests and Diagnose Lung Disease” (<a href="https://medicalxpress.com/news/2018-09-ai-doctors-ability-correctly-lung.html">Medical Xpress, September 2018)</a><br> * AI in Brain Tumors: “China Focus: AI Beats Human Doctors in Neuroimaging Recognition Contest” (<a href="http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2018-06/30/c_137292451.htm">Xinhua</a>, June 2018)<br> * Diagnosing by Voice: “Looking to Technology to Avoid Doctors’ Offices and Emergency Rooms” (<a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/21/business/medical-technology-ai-tests.html">New York Times</a>, February 2019)<br> * EMPaSchiz: “Towards Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health by Improving Schizophrenia Prediction with Multiple Brain Parcellation Ensemble-learning” (<a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41537-018-0070-8">Nature</a>, January 2019)<br> * New AI Research Centers in the U.K.: “How Artificial Intelligence Is Revolutionising Medical Diagnostics” (<a href="https://www.theengineer.co.uk/ai-medical-diagnostics/">The Engineer</a>, February 2019)<br> * I thought there should also be a source for “there are six different outbreaks of measles” currently in the U.S., and found out I was wrong! There are now eleven — in California, Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Texas, and Washington. (<a href="https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html">CDC</a>, February 28, 2019 [which page is subject to periodic updates].)<br> * No episode next week: I’ll be on travel.<br> <br> <a name="transcript"></a><br> Transcript<br> Driving home from the theater with friends Friday night, my wife started a conversation about how difficult it is for modern medicine to diagnose thyroid problems. Both she and her friend in the back seat have that to differing degrees, and neither one of them has received a real diagnosis. And then I, and the friend’s husband, widened it out from there.<br> Welcome to Uncommon Sense, I’m Randy Cassingham.<br> Diagnosis is the first step toward treatment, or even a cure, for any disease, but getting it right takes expertise, experience, and something doctors have precious little of: time. So unless the problem is objectively obvious like, say, a heart attack where the myocardial infarction can be located, measured, and quickly treated with well-established protocols, then it gets complicated fast. How about chronic pain, gut issues, alteration of mental status, and,
