Hilchot Teshuva -- The Laws of Repentance

Buy "Teshuva" on an mp3 CD! (All 41 classes for just $20.50+S&H!)
What is teshuva? It's the process of drawing closer to Hashem. This series, from Rav Dovid's Daily Halacha at the Wall Street Synagogue and other lectures, covers the Rambam's Hilchos Teshuva and related teshuva topics.

5 Elul 5768

listen

Chinuch for Yom Kippur; Chinuch for Teshuva (17:19)

What are a child's obligations with regard to Yom Kippur and the Teshuva process? Does an adult need to do teshuva for the indiscretions of his or her youth? What about a ba'al teshuva?

Sources: OC 343:1 (Rama); MB 343:6; Ch"A 66; Yoma 8:4

4 Elul 5768

listen

When to do Teshuva (13:42)

The process of teshuva is incumbent upon all of us at all times.

Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364

3 Elul 5768

listen

The Meaning of "Vidui" (15:23)

A "Vidui" is not a confession. Just what is it, and what is its role in teshuva? Also: the first two steps toward teshuva.

Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364

2 Elul 5768

listen

The Mitzvah of Teshuva According to the Sefer HaChinuch, Part 1 (15:27)

The obligation of teshuva stems from our obligation to speak our hearts to Hashem.

Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364

28 Elul 5767

listen

Making the Yomim Noraim Relevant (51:47)

Join Rav Dovid for a corporate "Lunch and Learn" discussion on relating to the High Holidays in our modern times. What makes the Yomim Noraim relevant for us today? Is this just a bunch of "New Year's Resolutions" that, like all other such resolutions, will be forgotten within days of Yom Kippur? How should we relate to Rosh HaShanah, and why do these Holidays occur back-to-back on the calendar?

17 Elul 5767

listen

Free Will and its Implications for Teshuva (15:34)

Resolving the second contradiction of Free Will: if Hashem knows what we will choose before we choose, how is our choice "free," and how can we say that our choices impact the world? And if Hashem doesn't know, how can we say that Hashem is All-Knowing? Finally, what does Free Will have to do with teshuva that the Rambam chose to put this chapter here rather than in Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah?

Sources: MT Teshuva 5:9-13

15 Elul 5767

listen

Free Will as an Axiom of Existence (11:51)

For the Rambam, Free Will is axiomatic. If we accept this axiom, how do we resolve the conflicts it implies -- namely, if an All-Knowing G-d knows what we will choose before we choose, how is it that our choice is free? And how could it be that an All-Powerful G-d whose Will determines the course of all history in the universe is not in control of our actions?

Sources: MT Teshuva 5:6-8

Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleima for Yeshua Yaakov ben Froma.

14 Elul 5767

listen

Understanding Free Will (12:41)

Free Will is one of the axioms on which all of teshuva rests. There are no external forces that determine our actions; rather, our choices are up to us. And those same choices ultimately determine who we are and what we become.

Sources: MT Teshuva 5:3-5

13 Elul 5767

listen

Teshuva and Free Will: Becoming a Tzadik (10:11)

Free will -- or more particularly, the will to change -- is a critical component of teshuva. How important is it? According to the Rambam, we each have the ability to be as righteous as Moshe Rabbeinu -- if only we will it.

Sources: MT Teshuva 5:1-2

Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleimah for Ariella Rivkah ben Devora Pessel.

10 Elul 5767

listen

Vicous Cycles and Self-Defeating Behaviors (13:56)

There are five behavioral character traits that are so harmful that the Rambam need not even explain them. They contaminate the neshoma, and even worse, they are self-perpetuating.

Sources: MT Teshuva 4:5-6

9 Elul 5767

listen

"Minor" Actions with Major Consequences (13:40)

There are five actions which appear inconsequencial to us but which are in fact aveirot as serious as any other. It is difficult to do proper teshuva for such actions because we don't recognize them as aveirot, and even if we do, we fail to acknowledge the severity of the transgression.

Sources: MT Teshuva 4:4

8 Elul 5767

listen

Anonymous Sins with Unknown Implications (21:06)

The Rambam tells of five aveirot committed against others for which we cannot repent, as we don't know against whom we have sinned.

Sources: MT Teshuva 4:3

7 Elul 5767

listen

Affiliation with Torah Scholars and a Torah Community (13:33)

The Rambam lists five aveirot that "lock the path of Teshuva", and from them we derive five actions that expedite teshuva.

Sources: MT Teshuva 4:2

Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleima for Yeshua Yaakov ben Froma.

6 Elul 5767

listen

Causing Others to Sin; Inspiring Others to Mitzvot (13:32)

Introduction to the fourth chapter of Hilchot Teshuva, a list of twenty-four aveirot that deter or prevent a person from completing proper teshuva. From this chapter, we learn not only of activities for which teshuva is nearly impossible, but also of activities that facilitate and expedite the teshuva process. This first shiur deals with the first four such activities, both as aveirot and mitzvot. The common thread: our impact on others -- for better and for worse -- has tremendous implications.

Sources: MT Teshuva 4:1

30 Av 5767

listen

Iggeret HaRamban (Part 1) (41:14)

A close reading of the well-known Iggeret HaRamban, ethical instructions sent by Nachmanides to his son Nachman, with an eye on the themes of musar and teshuva.

Sources: Iggeres HaRamban (English) (Note: to view Hebrew in your browser, you may need to set the character encoding to "Hebrew (Windows)".)

26 Av 5767

listen

Elul, the Season of Teshuva, and L'David Ori (14:07)

Why do we recite L'David Ori during the entire month of Elul? And why is the season of teshuva so long?

Sources: Siddur HaGra

25 Av 5767

listen

Rosh Chodesh Elul (11:08)

Customs of Elul: selichot, shofar, and Hashem Ori.

Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581:1-3

8 Tevet 5767

listen

VaYigash: What does it mean to be a "Jew"? (56:04)

What is so special about Yehudah that the Jewish people are called "Jews" due to him? What is it that makes a Jew Jewish?

Sources: Gen 44-46

1 Tevet 5767

listen

Mikeitz: Teshuva, Measure for Measure (Part 2) (1:03:15)

Hashem runs the world mida k'neged mida -- "measure for measure". Understanding this concept helps us gain insight into Divine Justice and how to do proper teshuva. This class further explores the concept of mida k'neged mida as manifest throughout the narration of Joseph and his brothers.

Sources: Gen 40-43

24 Kislev 5767

listen

VaYeishev: Teshuva, Measure for Measure: A Look at Joseph and his Brothers (56:35)

Hashem runs the world mida k'neged mida -- "measure for measure". Understanding this concept helps us gain insight into Divine Justice and how to do proper teshuva. This class explores the concept of mida k'neged mida as manifest throughout the narration of Joseph and his brothers.

Sources: Gen 37-38

21 Elul 5766

listen

"Minor" Sins with Major Consequences (11:05)

In addition to serious transgressions like heresy, the Rambam lists are several transgressions that seem minor in comparison... but that cause a Jew to lose his portion in olam ha-ba.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:14

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.

20 Elul 5766

listen

Acts Against the Jewish People (14:04)

One who separates himself from the Jewish people in this world will be spiritually cut off in the next. So too, one who causes the Nation of Israel to sin will be spiritually excised. Hashem's response to us is measure for measure: as we treat Him, so too will He treat us.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:11-14

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.

19 Elul 5766

listen

Public Sinners, Public Sin (13:23)

The status of: a mumar who is known to violate a particular mitzvah; a mumar who publicly follows a foreign belief system out of convenience; and those who cause the community as a whole to sin.

Sources: Kidd. 40a; MT Teshuva 3:9-10

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.

18 Elul 5766

listen

Various Forms of Heresy (10:33)

Deniers of Hashem, deniers of prophecy, and deniers of Torah: various forms of heresy.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:7-8

15 Elul 5766

listen

A Jew's Portion in Olam HaBa (12:33)

Jews who lose their portion in Olam HaBa.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:6

14 Elul 5766

listen

Teshuva, Olam HaBa, and Tefillin (7:36)

What is the impact of Teshuva on a Jew's portion of Olam HaBa?

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:5

13 Elul 5766

listen

The Shofar's Call to Teshuva (13:37)

The Rambam's famous understanding of the call of the shofar -- "Awake, sleepers, from your slumber!"

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:4-5

In memory of Chaya Sarah bas Micha'el HaLevi on the occasion of her yahrzeit.

12 Elul 5766

listen

The Book of Life (11:42)

The books are open: the Book of Life for the righteous and the Book of Death for the wicked; the rest of us hang in the balance.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:3-4; Rosh HaShanah 16b

Dedicated for a refuah shleimah for Mori v'Rabi, HaRav Shlomo Yitzchak ben Elka, shlit"a.

8 Elul 5766

listen

Half Guilty, Half Innocent (10:54)

We should always see ourselves as half guilty, half innocent -- one more aveira and our sentence will be sealed.

Sources: MT Teshuva 3:1-2

Dedicated by Ronald and Marion Stein l'ilui nishmat Hinde bas Hersh on the occasion of her yahrzeit.

7 Elul 5766

listen

The Other Side of Teshuva: Granting Forgiveness (14:17)

When another has wronged you, you must work on yourself to develop a forgiving nature.

Sources: MT Teshuva 2:10-11

6 Elul 5766

listen

Making Restitution as Part of Teshuva (12:51)

Sometimes, teshuva on its own is not enough. If another person was involved, we must make restitution and seek forgiveness from him.

Sources: MT Teshuva 2:5-6,9

5 Elul 5766

listen

Teshuva in Our Hearts (11:34)

Complete teshuva requires resolution of the heart, mind, and soul.

Sources: MT Teshuva 2:2-4

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Batya bat Leah.

4 Elul 5766

listen

What is complete Teshuva? (7:36)

How do you know when you've done teshuva? When is teshuva complete?

Sources: MT Teshuva 2:1

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ephraim ben Chana Miriam.

30 Av 5766

listen

Elul - The Season of Teshuva (9:16)

What makes Elul such an auspicious time for reconciling ourselves with Hashem?

Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581 - Introduction

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.

1 Elul 5766

listen

The Sounds of the Shofar (7:17)

We begin blowing the shofar daily from Rosh Chodesh Elul. Why all the different sounds?

Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581:3; MT Shofar 1:1

29 Av 5766

listen

The Four Levels of Transgression (12:47)

The four levels of transgression and the requirements of kaporah for each.

Sources: MT Teshuva 1:4

28 Av 5766

listen

Teshuva and Yom Kippur (12:43)

Teshuva and the se'ir hamishtaleach of Yom Kippur.

Sources: MT Teshuva 1:2-3

27 Av 5766

listen

Korbanot, Teshuva, and Vidui (12:04)

The interrelationship among korbanot, teshuva, and vidui.

Sources: MT Teshuva 1:1

Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Tuvia ben Brocha.

23 Av 5766

listen

Introduction to Teshuva (7:16)

The tremendous value of teshuva is more precious than the World to Come.

Sources: Avot 4:21-22

Dedicated for a shidduch for Henya Rivka bas Fruma.

24 Av 5766

listen

The Mitzvah of Vidui (7:40)

Vidui is a Mitzvah d'Oraita according to the Rambam. How is it done?

Sources: MT Teshuva 1:1

L'ilui nishmat Freida bas Mendel on the occasion of her yahrzeit.

9 Tishrei 5766

listen

Hilchos Teshuva (47:22)

What is Teshuva? How do we do it? Rav Dovid explains the basics of the process of repentance and return according to Maimonides' Hilchos Teshuva (Laws of Teshuva).

Like what you read? Contact Rav Dovid to bring him to your community for a lecture, class, or shabbaton.

Copyright © 2004-2008 Rabbi Dovid Bendory. All rights reserved.
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Hilchot Teshuva -- The Laws of Repentance *Buy "Teshuva" on an mp3 CD!* (All 41 classes for just $20.50+S&H!) What is teshuva? It's the process of drawing closer to Hashem. This series, from Rav Dovid's Daily Halacha at the Wall Street Synagogue and other lectures, covers the Rambam's Hilchos Teshuva and related teshuva topics.
5 Elul 5768	listen	Chinuch for Yom Kippur; Chinuch for Teshuva (17:19) What are a child's obligations with regard to Yom Kippur and the Teshuva process? Does an adult need to do teshuva for the indiscretions of his or her youth? What about a ba'al teshuva? Sources: OC 343:1 (Rama); MB 343:6; Ch"A 66; Yoma 8:4
4 Elul 5768	listen	When to do Teshuva (13:42) The process of teshuva is incumbent upon all of us at all times. Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364
3 Elul 5768	listen	The Meaning of "Vidui" (15:23) A "Vidui" is not a confession. Just what is it, and what is its role in teshuva? Also: the first two steps toward teshuva. Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364
2 Elul 5768	listen	The Mitzvah of Teshuva According to the Sefer HaChinuch, Part 1 (15:27) The obligation of teshuva stems from our obligation to speak our hearts to Hashem. Sources: Sefer HaChinuch 364
28 Elul 5767	listen	Making the Yomim Noraim Relevant (51:47) Join Rav Dovid for a corporate "Lunch and Learn" discussion on relating to the High Holidays in our modern times. What makes the Yomim Noraim relevant for us today? Is this just a bunch of "New Year's Resolutions" that, like all other such resolutions, will be forgotten within days of Yom Kippur? How should we relate to Rosh HaShanah, and why do these Holidays occur back-to-back on the calendar?
17 Elul 5767	listen	Free Will and its Implications for Teshuva (15:34) Resolving the second contradiction of Free Will: if Hashem knows what we will choose before we choose, how is our choice "free," and how can we say that our choices impact the world? And if Hashem doesn't know, how can we say that Hashem is All-Knowing? Finally, what does Free Will have to do with teshuva that the Rambam chose to put this chapter here rather than in Hilchot Yesodei HaTorah? Sources: MT Teshuva 5:9-13
15 Elul 5767	listen	Free Will as an Axiom of Existence (11:51) For the Rambam, Free Will is axiomatic. If we accept this axiom, how do we resolve the conflicts it implies -- namely, if an All-Knowing G-d knows what we will choose before we choose, how is it that our choice is free? And how could it be that an All-Powerful G-d whose Will determines the course of all history in the universe is not in control of our actions? Sources: MT Teshuva 5:6-8 Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleima for Yeshua Yaakov ben Froma.
14 Elul 5767	listen	Understanding Free Will (12:41) Free Will is one of the axioms on which all of teshuva rests. There are no external forces that determine our actions; rather, our choices are up to us. And those same choices ultimately determine who we are and what we become. Sources: MT Teshuva 5:3-5
13 Elul 5767	listen	Teshuva and Free Will: Becoming a Tzadik (10:11) Free will -- or more particularly, the will to change -- is a critical component of teshuva. How important is it? According to the Rambam, we each have the ability to be as righteous as Moshe Rabbeinu -- if only we will it. Sources: MT Teshuva 5:1-2 Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleimah for Ariella Rivkah ben Devora Pessel.
10 Elul 5767	listen	Vicous Cycles and Self-Defeating Behaviors (13:56) There are five behavioral character traits that are so harmful that the Rambam need not even explain them. They contaminate the neshoma, and even worse, they are self-perpetuating. Sources: MT Teshuva 4:5-6
9 Elul 5767	listen	"Minor" Actions with Major Consequences (13:40) There are five actions which appear inconsequencial to us but which are in fact aveirot as serious as any other. It is difficult to do proper teshuva for such actions because we don't recognize them as aveirot, and even if we do, we fail to acknowledge the severity of the transgression. Sources: MT Teshuva 4:4
8 Elul 5767	listen	Anonymous Sins with Unknown Implications (21:06) The Rambam tells of five aveirot committed against others for which we cannot repent, as we don't know against whom we have sinned. Sources: MT Teshuva 4:3
7 Elul 5767	listen	Affiliation with Torah Scholars and a Torah Community (13:33) The Rambam lists five aveirot that "lock the path of Teshuva", and from them we derive five actions that expedite teshuva. Sources: MT Teshuva 4:2 Dedicated as a zechut for a refuah shleima for Yeshua Yaakov ben Froma.
6 Elul 5767	listen	Causing Others to Sin; Inspiring Others to Mitzvot (13:32) Introduction to the fourth chapter of Hilchot Teshuva, a list of twenty-four aveirot that deter or prevent a person from completing proper teshuva. From this chapter, we learn not only of activities for which teshuva is nearly impossible, but also of activities that facilitate and expedite the teshuva process. This first shiur deals with the first four such activities, both as aveirot and mitzvot. The common thread: our impact on others -- for better and for worse -- has tremendous implications. Sources: MT Teshuva 4:1
30 Av 5767	listen	Iggeret HaRamban (Part 1) (41:14) A close reading of the well-known Iggeret HaRamban, ethical instructions sent by Nachmanides to his son Nachman, with an eye on the themes of musar and teshuva. Sources: Iggeres HaRamban (English) (Note: to view Hebrew in your browser, you may need to set the character encoding to "Hebrew (Windows)".)
26 Av 5767	listen	Elul, the Season of Teshuva, and L'David Ori (14:07) Why do we recite L'David Ori during the entire month of Elul? And why is the season of teshuva so long? Sources: Siddur HaGra
25 Av 5767	listen	Rosh Chodesh Elul (11:08) Customs of Elul: selichot, shofar, and Hashem Ori. Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581:1-3
8 Tevet 5767	listen	VaYigash: What does it mean to be a "Jew"? (56:04) What is so special about Yehudah that the Jewish people are called "Jews" due to him? What is it that makes a Jew Jewish? Sources: Gen 44-46
1 Tevet 5767	listen	Mikeitz: Teshuva, Measure for Measure (Part 2) (1:03:15) Hashem runs the world mida k'neged mida -- "measure for measure". Understanding this concept helps us gain insight into Divine Justice and how to do proper teshuva. This class further explores the concept of mida k'neged mida as manifest throughout the narration of Joseph and his brothers. Sources: Gen 40-43
24 Kislev 5767	listen	VaYeishev: Teshuva, Measure for Measure: A Look at Joseph and his Brothers (56:35) Hashem runs the world mida k'neged mida -- "measure for measure". Understanding this concept helps us gain insight into Divine Justice and how to do proper teshuva. This class explores the concept of mida k'neged mida as manifest throughout the narration of Joseph and his brothers. Sources: Gen 37-38
21 Elul 5766	listen	"Minor" Sins with Major Consequences (11:05) In addition to serious transgressions like heresy, the Rambam lists are several transgressions that seem minor in comparison... but that cause a Jew to lose his portion in olam ha-ba. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:14 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.
20 Elul 5766	listen	Acts Against the Jewish People (14:04) One who separates himself from the Jewish people in this world will be spiritually cut off in the next. So too, one who causes the Nation of Israel to sin will be spiritually excised. Hashem's response to us is measure for measure: as we treat Him, so too will He treat us. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:11-14 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.
19 Elul 5766	listen	Public Sinners, Public Sin (13:23) The status of: a mumar who is known to violate a particular mitzvah; a mumar who publicly follows a foreign belief system out of convenience; and those who cause the community as a whole to sin. Sources: Kidd. 40a; MT Teshuva 3:9-10 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.
18 Elul 5766	listen	Various Forms of Heresy (10:33) Deniers of Hashem, deniers of prophecy, and deniers of Torah: various forms of heresy. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:7-8
15 Elul 5766	listen	A Jew's Portion in Olam HaBa (12:33) Jews who lose their portion in Olam HaBa. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:6
14 Elul 5766	listen	Teshuva, Olam HaBa, and Tefillin (7:36) What is the impact of Teshuva on a Jew's portion of Olam HaBa? Sources: MT Teshuva 3:5
13 Elul 5766	listen	The Shofar's Call to Teshuva (13:37) The Rambam's famous understanding of the call of the shofar -- "Awake, sleepers, from your slumber!" Sources: MT Teshuva 3:4-5 In memory of Chaya Sarah bas Micha'el HaLevi on the occasion of her yahrzeit.
12 Elul 5766	listen	The Book of Life (11:42) The books are open: the Book of Life for the righteous and the Book of Death for the wicked; the rest of us hang in the balance. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:3-4; Rosh HaShanah 16b Dedicated for a refuah shleimah for Mori v'Rabi, HaRav Shlomo Yitzchak ben Elka, shlit"a.
8 Elul 5766	listen	Half Guilty, Half Innocent (10:54) We should always see ourselves as half guilty, half innocent -- one more aveira and our sentence will be sealed. Sources: MT Teshuva 3:1-2 Dedicated by Ronald and Marion Stein l'ilui nishmat Hinde bas Hersh on the occasion of her yahrzeit.
7 Elul 5766	listen	The Other Side of Teshuva: Granting Forgiveness (14:17) When another has wronged you, you must work on yourself to develop a forgiving nature. Sources: MT Teshuva 2:10-11
6 Elul 5766	listen	Making Restitution as Part of Teshuva (12:51) Sometimes, teshuva on its own is not enough. If another person was involved, we must make restitution and seek forgiveness from him. Sources: MT Teshuva 2:5-6,9
5 Elul 5766	listen	Teshuva in Our Hearts (11:34) Complete teshuva requires resolution of the heart, mind, and soul. Sources: MT Teshuva 2:2-4 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Batya bat Leah.
4 Elul 5766	listen	What is complete Teshuva? (7:36) How do you know when you've done teshuva? When is teshuva complete? Sources: MT Teshuva 2:1 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ephraim ben Chana Miriam.
30 Av 5766	listen	Elul - The Season of Teshuva (9:16) What makes Elul such an auspicious time for reconciling ourselves with Hashem? Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581 - Introduction Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Ariella Rivkah bas Devora Pessel.
1 Elul 5766	listen	The Sounds of the Shofar (7:17) We begin blowing the shofar daily from Rosh Chodesh Elul. Why all the different sounds? Sources: OC 581:1; MB 581:3; MT Shofar 1:1
29 Av 5766	listen	The Four Levels of Transgression (12:47) The four levels of transgression and the requirements of kaporah for each. Sources: MT Teshuva 1:4
28 Av 5766	listen	Teshuva and Yom Kippur (12:43) Teshuva and the se'ir hamishtaleach of Yom Kippur. Sources: MT Teshuva 1:2-3
27 Av 5766	listen	Korbanot, Teshuva, and Vidui (12:04) The interrelationship among korbanot, teshuva, and vidui. Sources: MT Teshuva 1:1 Given as a zechus for a refuah shleima for Tuvia ben Brocha.
23 Av 5766	listen	Introduction to Teshuva (7:16) The tremendous value of teshuva is more precious than the World to Come. Sources: Avot 4:21-22 Dedicated for a shidduch for Henya Rivka bas Fruma.
24 Av 5766	listen	The Mitzvah of Vidui (7:40) Vidui is a Mitzvah d'Oraita according to the Rambam. How is it done? Sources: MT Teshuva 1:1 L'ilui nishmat Freida bas Mendel on the occasion of her yahrzeit.
9 Tishrei 5766	listen	Hilchos Teshuva (47:22) What is Teshuva? How do we do it? Rav Dovid explains the basics of the process of repentance and return according to Maimonides' Hilchos Teshuva (Laws of Teshuva).